Changes to the overview screen (%) - added abilities and made it scrollable.

Also, some more clean-up of tutorial.cc. As this involved a lot of spacing changes it was easier to just replace the file as a whole. Sorry about that.
There are still some differences between the Linux and Windows versions that I don't really understand but using get_number_of_cols helps a lot.


git-svn-id: https://crawl-ref.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/crawl-ref/trunk@1055 c06c8d41-db1a-0410-9941-cceddc491573

1 files changed, 1266 insertions, 1300 deletions

diff --git a/crawl-ref/source/tutorial.cc b/crawl-ref/source/tutorial.cc
index 8e7edddbcf..6cbe6f8a47 100644
--- a/crawl-ref/source/tutorial.cc
+++ b/crawl-ref/source/tutorial.cc
@@ -1,1300 +1,1266 @@
-/*

- *  Created for Crawl Reference by JPEG on $Date: 2007-01-11$

- */

-

-#include "AppHdr.h"

-#include "tutorial.h"

-#include <cstring>

-

-#include "command.h"

-#include "files.h"

-#include "itemprop.h"

-#include "menu.h"

-#include "message.h"

-#include "misc.h"

-#include "newgame.h"

-#include "output.h"

-#include "player.h"

-#include "religion.h"

-#include "spl-util.h"

-#include "stuff.h"

-#include "view.h"

-

-//#define TUTORIAL_DEBUG

-#define TUTORIAL_VERSION 101

-int INFO2_SIZE = 500;

-char info2[500];

-

-static std::string tut_debug_list(int event);

-

-void save_tutorial( FILE* fp )

-{

-    writeLong( fp, TUTORIAL_VERSION);

-    writeShort( fp, Options.tutorial_type);

-    for ( unsigned i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; ++i )

-        writeShort( fp, Options.tutorial_events[i] );

-}

-

-void load_tutorial( FILE* fp )

-{

-    Options.tutorial_left = 0;

-

-    int version = readLong(fp);

-    Options.tutorial_type = readShort(fp);

-    if (version != TUTORIAL_VERSION)

-        return; 

-    for ( long i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; ++i )

-    {

-        Options.tutorial_events[i] = readShort(fp);

-        Options.tutorial_left += Options.tutorial_events[i];

-    }

-}

-

-// override init file definition for some options

-void init_tutorial_options()

-{

-    if (!Options.tutorial_left) {

-        return;

-    }    

-        

-    Options.delay_message_clear = false; 

-    Options.auto_list = true;

-}    

-

-// tutorial selection screen and choice

-bool pick_tutorial()

-{

-    char keyn;

-    bool printed = false;

-    

-tut_query:

-    if (!printed)

-    {

-        clrscr();

-

-        textcolor( WHITE );

-        cprintf("You must be new here indeed!");

-

-        cprintf(EOL EOL);

-        textcolor( CYAN );

-        cprintf("You can be:");

-        cprintf(EOL EOL);

-

-        textcolor( LIGHTGREY );

-

-        for (int i = 0; i < TUT_TYPES_NUM; i++)

-            print_tutorial_menu(i);

-        

-        textcolor( BROWN );

-        cprintf(EOL "SPACE - Back to class selection; Bksp - Back to race selection; X - Quit"

-                EOL "* - Random tutorial" 

-                EOL);

-        printed = true;

-    }       

-    keyn = c_getch();

-    

-    if (keyn == '*')

-        keyn = 'a' + random2(TUT_TYPES_NUM);

-    

-    // choose character for tutorial game

-    if (keyn >= 'a' && keyn <= 'a' + TUT_TYPES_NUM - 1)

-    {

-        Options.tutorial_type = keyn - 'a';

-        for (int i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; i++)

-            Options.tutorial_events[i] = 1;

-            

-        Options.tut_explored = 1;

-        Options.tut_stashes = 1;

-        Options.tut_travel = 1; 

-        // possibly combine to specialty_counter or something

-        Options.tut_spell_counter = 0;

-        Options.tut_throw_counter = 0;

-        Options.tut_berserk_counter = 0;

-        Options.tut_melee_counter = 0;

-        Options.tut_last_healed = 0;

-            

-        Options.tutorial_left = TUT_EVENTS_NUM;

-        you.species = get_tutorial_species(Options.tutorial_type);

-        you.char_class = get_tutorial_job(Options.tutorial_type);

-        

-        Options.random_pick = true; // random choice of starting spellbook

-        Options.weapon = WPN_HAND_AXE; // easiest choice for dwarves

-        return true;

-    }

-

-    if (keyn == CK_BKSP || keyn == ' ')

-    {

-        // in this case, undo previous choices

-//        set_startup_options(); 

-        you.species = 0; you.char_class = JOB_UNKNOWN;

-        Options.race = 0; Options.cls = 0;

-    }

-    

-    switch (keyn)

-    {

-    case CK_BKSP:

-        choose_race();

-        break;

-    case ' ':

-        choose_class();

-        break;

-    case 'X':

-        cprintf(EOL "Goodbye!");

-        end(0);

-        break;

-    default:

-        printed = false;

-        goto tut_query;

-    }

-    

-    return false;

-}

-

-void print_tutorial_menu(unsigned int type)

-{

-    char letter = 'a' + type;

-    char desc[100];

-    

-    switch(type)

-    {

-/*

-  case TUT_MELEE_CHAR:

-  strcpy(desc, "(Standard melee oriented character)");

-  break;

-*/                  

-    case TUT_BERSERK_CHAR:

-        strcpy(desc, "(Melee oriented character with divine support)");

-        break;

-    case TUT_MAGIC_CHAR:

-        strcpy(desc, "(Magic oriented character)");

-        break;

-    case TUT_RANGER_CHAR:

-        strcpy(desc, "(Ranged fighter)");

-        break;

-    default: // no further choices

-        snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "Error in print_tutorial_menu: type = %d", type);

-        mpr( info );

-        break;  

-    }    

-    

-    cprintf("%c - %s %s %s" EOL, letter, species_name(get_tutorial_species(type), 1),

-            get_class_name(get_tutorial_job(type)), desc);

-}    

-

-unsigned int get_tutorial_species(unsigned int type)

-{

-    switch(type)

-    {

-/*          

-            case TUT_MELEE_CHAR:

-            return SP_MOUNTAIN_DWARF;

-*/

-    case TUT_BERSERK_CHAR:

-        return SP_MINOTAUR;

-    case TUT_MAGIC_CHAR:

-        return SP_DEEP_ELF;

-    case TUT_RANGER_CHAR:

-        return SP_CENTAUR;

-    default: // use something fancy for debugging

-        return SP_KENKU;

-    }        

-}    

-

-// TO DO: check whether job and species are compatible...

-unsigned int get_tutorial_job(unsigned int type)

-{

-    switch(type)

-    {

-/*

-  case TUT_MELEE_CHAR:

-  return JOB_FIGHTER;   

-*/

-    case TUT_BERSERK_CHAR:

-        return JOB_BERSERKER;   

-    case TUT_MAGIC_CHAR:

-        return JOB_CONJURER;    

-    case TUT_RANGER_CHAR:

-        return JOB_HUNTER;  

-    default: // use something fancy for debugging

-        return JOB_NECROMANCER;

-    }        

-}    

-

-static formatted_string formatted_paragraph(std::string text, unsigned int width)

-{

-    std::string result;

-    

-    size_t start = 0, pos = 0, end = 0;

-        

-    for (; end < strlen(text.c_str()); pos = end+1)

-    {

-        // get next "word"

-        end = text.find(' ', pos);

-        if ( end >= strlen(text.c_str()) )

-            pos = end;

-

-        if (end - start >= width || end >= strlen(text.c_str()) )

-        {

-            end = pos;

-            result += text.substr(start, end-start-1);

-            result += EOL;

-            start = pos;

-        }

-    }

-    result += EOL;

-    

-    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);

-}

-

-static formatted_string tut_starting_info(unsigned int width)

-{

-    std::string result; // the entire page

-    std::string text; // one paragraph

-    

-    result += "<white>Welcome to Dungeon Crawl!</white>" EOL EOL;

-    

-    text += "Your object is to lead a ";

-    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "%s %s ", species_name(get_tutorial_species(Options.tutorial_type), 1), 

-             get_class_name(get_tutorial_job(Options.tutorial_type)));

-    text += info2;

-    text += "safely through the depths of the dungeon, retrieving the fabled orb of Zot and "

-        "returning it to the surface. In the beginning, however, let discovery be your "

-        "main goal: try to delve as deep as possible but beware, as death lurks around "

-        "every corner here."; 

-    result += formatted_paragraph(text, width);

-                

-    result += "For the moment, just remember the following keys and their functions:" EOL;

-    result += "  <white>?</white> - shows the items and the commands" EOL;

-    result += "  <white>S</white> - saves the game, to be resumed later (but note that death is permanent)" EOL;

-    result += "  <white>x</white> - examine something in your vicinity" EOL EOL;

-

-    text = "This tutorial will help you playing Crawl without reading any documentation. "

-        "If you feel intrigued, there is more information available in these files "

-        "(all of which can also be read in-game):";

-    result += formatted_paragraph(text,width); 

-        

-    result += "  <darkgray>readme.txt</darkgray>         - A very short guide to Crawl." EOL;

-    result += "  <darkgray>manual.txt</darkgray>         - This contains all details on races, magic, skills, etc." EOL;

-    result += "  <darkgray>crawl_options.txt</darkgray>  - Crawl's interface is highly configurable. This document " EOL;

-    result += "                       explains all the options (which themselves are set in " EOL;

-    result += "                       the init.txt or .crawlrc files)." EOL;

-    result += EOL;        

-    result += "Press <white>Space</white> to proceed to the basics (the screen division and movement)." EOL;

-    result += "Press <white>Esc</white> to fast forward to the game start." EOL EOL;

-

-

-    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);

-}    

-

-formatted_string tutorial_debug()

-{

-    std::string result;

-    bool lbreak = false;

-    snprintf(info, INFO2_SIZE, "Tutorial Debug Screen");

-    

-    int i = 39 - strlen(info) / 2;

-    result += std::string(i, ' ');

-    result += "<white>";

-    result += info;

-    result += "</white>" EOL EOL;

-

-    result += "<darkgray>";

-    for (i=0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; i++)

-    {

-        snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "%d: %d (%s)", 

-                 i, Options.tutorial_events[i], tut_debug_list(i).c_str());

-        result += info;

-        

-        // break text into 2 columns where possible

-        if (strlen(info) > 39 || lbreak)

-        {

-            result += EOL;

-            lbreak = false;

-        }           

-        else

-        {

-            result += std::string(39 - strlen(info), ' ');

-            lbreak = true;

-        }       

-    }       

-    result += "</darkgray>" EOL EOL;

-    

-    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "tutorial_left: %d\n", Options.tutorial_left);

-    result += info;

-    result += EOL;

-    

-    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "You are a %s %s, and the tutorial will reflect that.",

-             species_name(get_tutorial_species(Options.tutorial_type), 1), 

-             get_class_name(get_tutorial_job(Options.tutorial_type)));

- 

-    result += info;

-    

-    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);

-}    

-

-std::string tut_debug_list(int event)

-{

-    switch(event)

-    {

-    case TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT:

-        return "seen first object";

-    case TUT_SEEN_POTION:

-        return "seen first potion";

-    case TUT_SEEN_SCROLL:

-        return "seen first scroll";

-    case TUT_SEEN_WAND:

-        return "seen first wand";

-    case TUT_SEEN_SPBOOK:

-        return "seen first spellbook";

-    case TUT_SEEN_WEAPON:

-        return "seen first weapon";

-    case TUT_SEEN_MISSILES:

-        return "seen first missiles";

-    case TUT_SEEN_ARMOUR:

-        return "seen first armour";

-    case TUT_SEEN_RANDART: // doesn't work for now

-        return "seen first random artefact";

-    case TUT_SEEN_FOOD:

-        return "seen first food";

-    case TUT_SEEN_CARRION:

-        return "seen first corpse";

-    case TUT_SEEN_JEWELLERY:

-        return "seen first jewellery";

-    case TUT_SEEN_MISC:

-        return "seen first misc. item";

-    case TUT_SEEN_MONSTER:

-        return "seen first monster";

-    case TUT_SEEN_STAIRS:

-        return "seen first stairs";

-    case TUT_SEEN_TRAPS:

-        return "encountered a trap";

-    case TUT_SEEN_ALTAR:

-        return "seen an altar";

-    case TUT_SEEN_SHOP:

-        return "seen a shop";

-    case TUT_SEEN_DOOR:

-        return "seen a closed door";

-    case TUT_KILLED_MONSTER:

-        return "killed first monster";

-    case TUT_NEW_LEVEL:

-        return "gained a new level";

-    case TUT_SKILL_RAISE:

-        return "raised a skill";

-    case TUT_YOU_ENCHANTED:

-        return "caught an enchantment";

-    case TUT_YOU_SICK:

-        return "became sick";

-    case TUT_YOU_POISON:

-        return "were poisoned";

-    case TUT_YOU_CURSED:

-        return "had something cursed";

-    case TUT_YOU_HUNGRY:

-        return "felt hungry";

-    case TUT_YOU_STARVING:

-        return "were starving";

-    case TUT_MAKE_CHUNKS:

-        return "learned about chunks";

-    case TUT_MULTI_PICKUP:

-        return "read about pickup menu";

-    case TUT_HEAVY_LOAD:

-        return "were encumbered";

-    case TUT_ROTTEN_FOOD:

-        return "carried rotten food";

-    case TUT_NEED_HEALING:

-        return "needed healing";

-    case TUT_NEED_POISON_HEALING:

-        return "needed healing for poison";

-    case TUT_POSTBERSERK:

-        return "learned about Berserk aftereffects";        

-    case TUT_RUN_AWAY:

-        return "were told to run away";

-    case TUT_SHIFT_RUN:

-        return "learned about shift-run";

-    case TUT_MAP_VIEW:

-        return "learned about the level map";

-/*

-  case TUT_AUTOEXPLORE:

-  return "learned about autoexplore";

-*/           

-    case TUT_DONE_EXPLORE:

-        return "explored a level";

-    case TUT_YOU_MUTATED:

-        return "caught a mutation";

-    case TUT_NEW_ABILITY:

-        return "gained a divine ability";

-    case TUT_WIELD_WEAPON:

-        return "wielded an unsuitable weapon";

-    default: 

-        return "faced a bug";

-    }    

-    

-}

-

-static formatted_string tutorial_map_intro()

-{

-    std::string result;

-    

-    result =  "<magenta>"

-    		  "What you see here is the typical Crawl screen. The upper left map "

-        	  "shows your hero as the <white>@<magenta> in the center. The parts "

-        	  "of the map you remember but cannot currently see, will be greyed "

-     		  "out."

-        	  "</magenta>" EOL;

-    result += "[--more--                                 Press <white>Escape</white> to skip the basics]";

-

-    linebreak_string2(result,80);

-    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);

-}    

-

-static formatted_string tutorial_stats_intro()

-{

-    std::string result;

-    result += "<magenta>";

-

-    result += "To the right, important properties of " EOL;

-    result += "the character are displayed. The most " EOL;

-    result += "basic one is your health, measured as " EOL;

-    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "<white>HP: %d/%d<magenta>. ", you.hp, you.hp_max);

-    result += info; 

-    if (Options.tutorial_type==TUT_MAGIC_CHAR) result += "  ";

-    result += "These are your current out " EOL;

-    result += "of maximum health points. When health " EOL;

-    result += "drops to zero, you die.               " EOL;

-    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "<white>Magic: %d/%d<magenta>", you.magic_points, you.max_magic_points);

-    result += info; 

-    result += " is your energy for casting " EOL;

-    result += "spells, although more mundane actions " EOL;

-    result += "often draw from Magic, too.           " EOL;

-    result += "Further down, <white>Str<magenta>ength, <white>Dex<magenta>terity and " EOL;

-    result += "<white>Int<magenta>elligence are shown and provide an " EOL;

-    result += "all-around account of the character's " EOL;

-    result += "attributes.                           " EOL;

-

-    result += "</magenta>";

-    result += "                                      " EOL;    

-    result += "[--more--                                 Press <white>Escape</white> to skip the basics]" EOL;

-    result += "                                      " EOL;    

-    result += "                                      " EOL;    

-    

-    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);

-}    

-

-static formatted_string tutorial_message_intro()

-{

-    std::string result;

-

-    result =  "<magenta>"

- 			  "This lower part of the screen is reserved for messages. Everything "

- 			  "related to the tutorial is shown in this colour. If you missed "

-    		  "something, previous messages can be read again with "

-    		  "<white>Ctrl-P<magenta>." 

-       		  "</magenta>" EOL;

-    result += "[--more--                                 Press <white>Escape</white> to skip the basics]";

-    

-    linebreak_string2(result,80);

-    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);

-}    

-

-static void tutorial_movement_info()

-{

-    std::string text;

-    text = 	"To move your character, use the numpad; try Numlock both on and off. "

-   			"If your system has no number pad, or if you are familiar with the vi "

-     		"keys, movement is also possible with <w>hjklyubn<magenta>. A basic " 

-     		"command list can be found under <w>?<magenta>, and the most important "

-            "commands will be explained to you as it becomes necessary. ";

-    print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-}

-

-// copied from display_mutations and adapted    

-void tut_starting_screen()

-{

-    

-    int x1, x2, y1, y2;

-    int MAX_INFO = 4;

-#ifdef TUTORIAL_DEBUG

-    MAX_INFO++;

-#endif    

-    char ch;

-    

-    for (int i=0; i<=MAX_INFO; i++)

-    {

-        x1 = 1; y1 = 1;

-        x2 = 80; y2 = 25;

-     

-        if (i==1 || i==3)

-        {

-            y1 = 18; // message window

-        }    

-        else if (i==2)

-        {

-            x2 = 40; // map window

-            y2 = 18;

-        }    

-        

-        if (i==0)

-            clrscr();

-        

-        gotoxy(x1,y1);

-        

-        if (i==0)

-            tut_starting_info(x2).display();

-        else if (i==1)

-            tutorial_map_intro().display();

-        else if (i==2)

-            tutorial_stats_intro().display();

-        else if (i==3)

-            tutorial_message_intro().display();

-        else if (i==4)

-            tutorial_movement_info();

-        else

-        {

-#ifdef TUTORIAL_DEBUG

-            clrscr();

-            gotoxy(x1,y1);

-            tutorial_debug().display();

-#else

-            continue;

-#endif

-        }       

-            

-        ch = c_getch();

-        redraw_screen();

-        if (ch == ESCAPE)

-            break;

-            

-    }

-    

-}

-

-void tutorial_death_screen()

-{

-    Options.tutorial_left = 0;

-    std::string text;

-    

-    mpr( "Condolences! Your character's premature perishing is a sad, but "

- 	     "common occurence in Crawl. Rest assured that with diligence and "

-         "playing experience your characters will last longer.\n", MSGCH_TUTORIAL, 0);

-    mpr( "Perhaps the following advice can improve your playing style:", MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    more();

-    

-    if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR 

-    		&& Options.tut_spell_counter < Options.tut_melee_counter )

-        text = "As a Conjurer your main weapon should be offensive magic. Cast "

-      		   "spells more often! Remember to rest when your Magic is low.";

-    else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR 

-    		&& Options.tut_berserk_counter < 1 ) 

-  	{

-        text = "Don't forget to go berserk when fighting particularly "

-               "difficult foes. It is risky, but makes you faster "

-               "and beefier. Also try to pray prior to battles so that ";

-        text += god_name(you.religion);

-        text += " will soon provide more abilities.";

-    }  

-    else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR 

-    		&& 2*Options.tut_throw_counter < Options.tut_melee_counter )

-        text = "Your bow and arrows are extremely powerful against "

-               "distant monsters. Be sure to collect all arrows lying "

-               "around in the dungeon."; 

-    else {    

-

-      int hint = random2(6);

-      // If a character has been unusually busy with projectiles and spells

-      // give some other hint rather than the first one.

-      if (Options.tut_throw_counter + Options.tut_spell_counter >= Options.tut_melee_counter

-      	  && hint == 0)

-         hint = random2(5)+1;

-          

-      switch(hint)

-      {

-    case 0:

-        text = 	"Always consider using projectiles, wands or spells before "

-        		"engaging monsters in close combat.";

-        break; 

-    case 1:

-        text = 	"Learn when to run away from things you can't handle - this is "

-        		"important! It is often wise to skip a particularly dangerous "

-          		"level. But don't overdo this as monsters will only get harder "

-            	"the deeper you delve.";

-        break;

-    case 2: 

-        text = 	"Rest between encounters. In Crawl, searching and resting are "

-        		"one and the same. To search for one turn, press <w>s<magenta>, "

-          		"<w>.<magenta>, <w>delete<magenta> or <w>keypad-5<magenta>. "

-            	"Pressing <w>5<magenta> or <w>shift-and-keypad-5<magenta> will "

-             	"let you rest for a longer time (you will stop resting when "

-             	"fully healed).";

-        break;

-    case 3:

-        text = 	"Remember to use those scrolls, potions or wands you've found. "

-        		"Very often, you cannot expect to identify everything with the "

-          		"scroll only. Learn to improvise: identify through usage.";

-        break;

-    case 4:

-        text =  "If a particular encounter feels overwhelming don't forget to "

-        	    "use emergency items early on. A scroll of teleportation or a "

-       	    	"potion of speed can really save your bacon.";

-        break;

-    case 5:

-        text = 	"Never fight more than one monster if you can help it. Always "

-        		"back into a corridor so that they are forced to fight you one "

-          		"on one.";

-        break;

-    default:

-        text = 	"Sorry, no hint this time, though there should have been one.";

-      } 

-    }    

-    print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    more();

-            

-    mpr( "See you next game!", MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-

-    for ( long i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; ++i )

-        Options.tutorial_events[i] = 0;

-}    

-

-void tutorial_finished()

-{

-    std::string text;

-    

-    Options.tutorial_left = 0;

-    text = 	"Congrats! You survived until the end of this tutorial - be sure to "

-    		"try the other ones as well. Note that the help screen (<w>?<magenta>) "

-   			"will look different from now on. Here's a last playing hint:";

-    print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    more();

-    

-    if (Options.tut_explored)

-    {

-        text = 	"Walking around and exploring levels gets easier by using "

-        		"auto-explore (<w>Ctrl-O<magenta>). You can even make Crawl "

-                "automatically pick up interesting items by setting the "

-                "option <w>explore_greedy=true<magenta> in the init file.";

-    }    

-    else if (Options.tut_travel)

-    {

-        text = 	"There is a convenient way for travelling between far away "

-        		"dungeon levels: press <w>Ctrl-G<magenta> and enter the desired "

-        		"destination. If your travel gets interrupted, issueing "

-          		"<w>Ctrl-G Enter<magenta> will continue it.";

-    }       

-    else if (Options.tut_stashes)

-    {

-        text = 	"You can search among all items existing in the dungeon with "

-                "the <w>Ctrl-F<magenta> command. For example, "

-                "<w>Ctrl-F \"knife\"<magenta> will list all knives. You can then "

-                "travel to one of the spots. It is even possible to enter words "

-                "like <w>\"shop\"<magenta> or <w>\"altar\"<magenta>.";

-    }    

-    else

-    {

-        int hint = random2(3);

-        switch (hint)

-        {

-        case 0:    

-            text = 	"The game keeps an automated logbook for your characters. Use "

-                    "<w>?:<magenta> to read it. You can enter notes manually with "

-                    "the <w>:<magenta> command. Once your character perishes, two "

-                    "morgue files are left in the <w>/morgue<magenta> directory. "

-                    "The one ending in .txt contains a copy of your logbook. "

-                    "During play, you can create a dump file with <w>#<magenta>.";

-            break;          

-        case 1:

-            text = 	"Crawl has a macro function built in: press <w>~m<magenta> "

-            		"to define a macro by first specifying a trigger key (say, "

-              		"<w>F1<magenta>) and a command sequence, for example "

-              		"<w>Za+.<magenta>. The latter will make the <w>F1<magenta> "

-                    "key always zap the spell in slot a at the nearest monster. "

-                    "For more information on macros, type <w>?~<magenta>.";

-            break;

-        case 2: 

-             text = "The interface can be greatly customised. All options are "

-             		"explained in the file <w>crawl_options.txt<magenta> which "

-               		"can be found in the <w>/docs<magenta> directory. The "

-                 	"options themselves are set in <w>init.txt<magenta> or "

-                  	"<w>.crawlrc<magenta>. Crawl will complain when it can't "

-                   	"find either file.\n";

-             break;    

-        default: 

-            text = 	"Oops... No hint for now. Better luck next time!";

-        } 

-    }    

-    print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    more();

-    

-    for ( long i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; ++i )

-        Options.tutorial_events[i] = 0;

-}    

-

-void tutorial_prayer_reminder()

-{

-    if (Options.tut_just_triggered)

-        return;

-        

-    if (coinflip()) // always would be too annoying

-    {

-        std::string text;

-        text = 	"Remember to <w>p<magenta>ray before battle, so as to dedicate "

-        		"your kills to ";

-        text += god_name(you.religion);

-        text += ". Should the monster leave a corpse, consider "

-        		"<w>D<magenta>issecting it as a sacrifice to ";

-        text += god_name(you.religion);

-        text += ", as well.";

-        print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    }       

-}    

-

-void tutorial_healing_reminder()

-{

-    if (you.poisoning)

-    {

-        if (Options.tutorial_events[TUT_NEED_POISON_HEALING])

-        	learned_something_new(TUT_NEED_POISON_HEALING);

-    }    

-    else

-    {

-        if (Options.tutorial_events[TUT_NEED_HEALING]) 

-            learned_something_new(TUT_NEED_HEALING);

-        else if (you.num_turns - Options.tut_last_healed >= 50 && !you.poisoning)

-        {

-            if (Options.tut_just_triggered)

-                return;

-            std::string text;

-            text = 	"Remember to rest between fights and to enter unexplored "

-            		"terrain with full hitpoints and/or magic. For resting, "

-              		"press <w>5<magenta> or <w>Shift-numpad 5<magenta>.";

-      		print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-        }           

-        Options.tut_last_healed = you.num_turns;

-    }       

-}    

-

-void taken_new_item(unsigned char item_type)

-{

-    switch(item_type)

-    {

-    case OBJ_WANDS:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_WAND);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_SCROLLS:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_SCROLL);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_JEWELLERY:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_JEWELLERY);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_POTIONS:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_POTION);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_BOOKS:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_SPBOOK);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_FOOD:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_FOOD);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_CORPSES:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_CARRION);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_WEAPONS: 

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_WEAPON);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_ARMOUR:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_ARMOUR);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_MISSILES:              

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_MISSILES);

-        break;

-    case OBJ_STAVES:

-    case OBJ_MISCELLANY:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_MISC);

-        break;

-    default: /* nothing to be done */

-        return;

-    }    

-}    

-

-void tutorial_first_monster(monsters mon)

-{

-    if (!Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_MONSTER])

-        return;

-        

-    std::string text = "<magenta>That ";

-    formatted_string st = formatted_string::parse_string(text);

-    st.formatted_string::textcolor(channel_to_colour(MSGCH_TUTORIAL));

-    st.formatted_string::add_glyph(&mon);

-    text = " is a monster, usually depicted by a letter. Some typical early monsters ";

-    st += formatted_string::parse_string(text);

-    formatted_mpr(st, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    

-    text = "look like <brown>r<magenta>, <w>g<magenta>, <lightgray>b<magenta> or "         

-           "<brown>K<magenta>. You can gain information about it by pressing "

-           "<w>x<magenta>, moving the cursor on the monster and then pressing "

-           "<w>v<magenta>. To attack it with your wielded weapon, just move into it.";

-    print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-

-    more();

-               	

-    if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR)

-    {

-        text = 	"However, as a hunter you will want to deal with it using your "

-                "bow. Do this as follows: <w>wbf+.<magenta> where <w>wb<magenta> "

-                "wields the bow, <w>f<magenta> fires appropriate ammunition "

-                "(your arrows) and enters targeting mode. <w>+<magenta> and "

-                "<w>-<magenta> allow you to select the proper monster. Finally, "

-                "<w>Enter<magenta> or <w>.<magenta> fire. If you miss, "

-                "<w>ff<magenta> fires at the previous target again.";

-        print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    }       

-    else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)

-    {

-        text =	"However, as a conjurer you will want to deal with it using magic."

-        		"Do this as follows: <w>Za+.<magenta> where <w>Za<magenta> zaps "

-                "the first spell you know, ";

-  		text += spell_title(get_spell_by_letter('a'));

-  		text += ", and enters targeting mode. <w>+<magenta> and <w>-<magenta> "

-                "allow you to select the proper target. Finally, <w>Enter<magenta> "

-  				"or <w>.<magenta> fire. If you miss, <w>Zap<magenta> will "

-  				"fire at the previous target again.";

-		print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    }			

-   	

-    Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_MONSTER] = 0;

-    Options.tutorial_left--;

-    Options.tut_just_triggered = 1;

-}    

-

-void tutorial_first_item(item_def item)

-{

-    if (!Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT] || Options.tut_just_triggered)

-        return;

-

-    std::string text = "<magenta>That ";

-    formatted_string st = formatted_string::parse_string(text);

-    st.formatted_string::textcolor(channel_to_colour(MSGCH_TUTORIAL));

-    st.formatted_string::add_glyph(&item);

-    text = " is an item. If you move there and press <w>g<magenta> or "

-           "<w>,<magenta> you will pick it up.";

-    st += formatted_string::parse_string(text);

-    formatted_mpr(st, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-            

-    text = "Generally, items are shown by non-letter symbols like "

-           "<w>%%?!\"=()[<magenta>. Once it is in your inventory, you can drop "

-           "it again with <w>d<magenta>. Several types of objects will usually "

-           "be picked up automatically.";

-    print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-    

-    Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT] = 0;

-    Options.tutorial_left--;

-    Options.tut_just_triggered = 1;

-}     

-

-#if 0

-static void tutorial_first_stairs(int x, int y) {

-        std::string text = 	"<magenta>The ";

-        

-        formatted_string st = formatted_string::parse_string(text);

-        st.formatted_string::textcolor(env.show_col[x-you.x_pos + 9][y-you.y_pos + 9]);

-        text = get_screen_glyph(x,y);

-        text += "<magenta> are some downstairs. You can enter the next (deeper) "

-                "level by following ";

-        st += formatted_string::parse_string(text);

-        formatted_mpr(st);

-        text =  "them down (<w>><magenta>). To get back to "

-                "this level again, press <w><<<magenta> while standing on the "

-                "upstairs.";

-    print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-}

-#endif

-

-void learned_something_new(unsigned int seen_what, int x, int y)

-{ 

-    // already learned about that

-    if (!Options.tutorial_events[seen_what])

-        return;

-        

-    // don't trigger twice in the same turn 

-    if (Options.tut_just_triggered)

-        return;

-        

-    std::string text;    

-        

-    switch(seen_what)

-    {

-    case TUT_SEEN_POTION:

-        text = 	"You have picked up your first potion ('<w>!<magenta>'). Use "

-        		"<w>q<magenta> to drink (quaff) it.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_SCROLL:

-        text = 	"You have picked up your first scroll ('<w>?<magenta>'). Type "

-        		"<w>r<magenta> to read it.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_WAND:

-        text = 	"You have picked up your first wand ('<w>/<magenta>'). Type "

-        		"<w>z<magenta> to zap it.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_SPBOOK:

-        text = 	"You have picked up a spellbook ('<w>+<magenta>' or "

-        		"'<w>:<magenta>'). You can read it by typing <w>r<magenta>, "

-        		"memorise spells via <w>M<magenta> and cast a memorised spell "

-        		"with <w>Z<magenta>.";

-       			

-        if (!you.skills[SK_SPELLCASTING])

-        {

-            text += "\nHowever, first you will have to get accustomed to "

-                    "spellcasting by reading lots of scrolls.";

-        }       

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_WEAPON:

-        text =	"This is the first weapon ('<w>(<magenta>') you've picked up. "

-        		"Use <w>w<magenta> to wield it, but be aware that this weapon "

-        		"might train a different skill from your current one. You can "

-                "view the weapon's properties with <w>v<magenta>.";

-        if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR)

-        {

-            text += "\nAs you're already trained in Axes you should stick with "

-            		"these. Checking other axes can be worthwhile.";

-        }

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_MISSILES:

-        text =	"This is the first stack of missiles ('<w>)<magenta>') you've "

-        		"picked up. Darts can be thrown by hand, but other missile types "

-        		"like arrows and needles require a launcher and training in "

-        		"using it to be really effective. <w>v<magenta> gives more "

-        		"information about both missiles and launcher.";

-        if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR)

-        {

-            text += "\nAs you're already trained in Bows you should stick with "

-            		"arrows and collect more of them in the dungeon.";

-        }

-        else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)

-        {

-            text += "\nHowever, as a spellslinger you don't really need another "

-            		"type of ranged attack, unless there's another effect in "

-              		"addition to damage.";

-        }        

-        else

-        {

-            text += "\nFor now you might be best off with sticking to darts or "

-            		"stones for ranged attacks.";

-        }

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_ARMOUR:

-        text = 	"This is the first piece of armour ('<w>[<magenta>') you've "

-        		"picked up. Use <w>W<magenta> to wear it and <w>T<magenta> to "

-        		"take it off again. You can view its properties with "

-          		"<w>v<magenta>.";

-        		

-        if (you.species == SP_CENTAUR || you.species == SP_MINOTAUR)

-        {

-            snprintf( info, INFO_SIZE, "\nNote that as a %s, you will be unable to wear %s.", 

-            	species_name(you.species, 1), you.species == SP_CENTAUR ? "boots" : "helmets");

-            text += info;

-        }    

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_RANDART:

-        text = 	"Weapons and armour that have descriptions like this are more "

-                "likely to be of higher enchantment or have special properties, "

-                "good or bad.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_FOOD:

-        text =	"You have picked up some food ('<w>%%<magenta>'). You can eat it "

-        		"by typing <w>e<magenta>.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_CARRION:

-        text =	"You have picked up a corpse ('<w>%%<magenta>'). When a corpse "

-        		"is lying on the ground, you can <w>D<magenta>issect with a "

-          		"sharp implement. Once hungry you can <w>e<magenta>at the "

-                "resulting chunks (though they may not be healthy).";

-        if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR)

-        {

-           text += " During prayer you can offer corpses to ";

-           text += god_name(you.religion);

-           text += "by dissecting them, as well.";

-        }    

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_JEWELLERY:

-        text = 	"You have picked up a a piece of jewellery, either a ring "

-        		"('<w>=<magenta>') or an amulet ('<w>\"<magenta>'). Type "

-        		"<w>P<magenta> to put it on and <w>R<magenta> to remove it. You "

-        		"can view it with <w>v<magenta> although often magic is "

-        		"necessary to reveal its true nature.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_MISC:

-        text =	"This is a curious object indeed. You can play around with it "

-        		"to find out what it does by <w>w<magenta>ielding and "

-          		"<w>E<magenta>voking it.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_STAIRS:

-        if (you.num_turns < 1)

-        	return;

-        

-//        tutorial_first_stairs(x,y); 	

-

-        

-        text = 	"The <w>";

-        text += get_screen_glyph(x,y);

-        text += "<magenta> are some downstairs. You can enter the next (deeper) "

-                "level by following them down (<w>><magenta>). To get back to "

-                "this level again, press <w><<<magenta> while standing on the "

-                "upstairs.";

-                

-        break;    

-    case TUT_SEEN_TRAPS:

-        text =	"Oops... you just entered a trap. An unwary adventurer will "

-        		"occasionally stumble into one of these nasty constructions "

-        		"depicted by <w>^<magenta>. They can do physical damage (with "

-        		"darts or needles, for example) or have other, more magical "

-          		"effects, like teleportation.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_ALTAR:

-        text =	"The <blue>";

-        text += get_screen_glyph(x,y);

-        text += "<magenta> is an altar. You can get information about it by pressing "

-        		"<w>p<magenta> while standing on the square. Before taking up "

-              	"the responding faith you'll be asked for confirmation.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_SHOP:

-        text =  "The <yellow>";

-        text += get_screen_glyph(x,y);

-        text += "<magenta> is a shop. You can enter it by typing <w><<<magenta>.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_SEEN_DOOR:

-        if (you.num_turns < 1)

-        	return;

-        	

-        text = 	"The <w>";

-        text += get_screen_glyph(x,y);

-        text += "<magenta> is a closed door. You can open it by walking into it. " 	

-        		"Sometimes it is useful to close a door. Do so by pressing "

-        		"<w>c<magenta>, followed by the direction.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_KILLED_MONSTER:

-        text = 	"Congratulations, your character just gained some experience by "

-        		"killing this monster! Every action will use up some of it to "

-          		"train certain skills. For example, fighting monsters ";

-        if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR)           

-            text += "in melee battle will raise your Axes and Fighting skills.";

-        else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR)

-            text += "using bow and arrows will raise your Bows and Ranged Combat "

-            		"skills.";

-        else // if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)

-            text += "with offensive magic will raise your Conjurations and "

-            		"Spellcasting skills.";

-            

-        if (you.religion != GOD_NO_GOD)

-        {

-            text += "\nTo dedicate your kills to ";

-            text += god_name(you.religion);

-            text += " <w>p<magenta>ray before battle. Not all gods will be "

-            		"pleased by doing this.";

-        }       

-        break;

-    case TUT_NEW_LEVEL:

-        text = 	"Well done! Reaching a new experience level is always a nice "

-                "event: you get more health and magic points, and occasionally "

-                "increases to your attributes (strength, dexterity, intelligence).";

-        if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)

-        {

-            text += "\nAlso, new experience levels let you learn more spells "

-            		"(the Spellcasting skill also does this). For now, "

-            		"you should try to memorise the second spell of your "

-            		"starting book with <w>Mcb<magenta>, which can then be "

-                    "zapped with <w>Zb<magenta>.";

-        }           

-        break;

-    case TUT_SKILL_RAISE:

-        text =	"One of your skills just got raised. Type <w>m<magenta> to take "

-        		"a look at your skills screen.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_YOU_ENCHANTED:                 

-        text =	"Enchantments of all types can befall you temporarily. "

-        		"Abbreviated signalisation appears at the lower end of the stats "

-        		"area. Press <w>@<magenta> for more details. A list of all "

-        		"possible enchantments is given in the manual.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_YOU_SICK:

-        learned_something_new(TUT_YOU_ENCHANTED);   

-        text = 	"Corpses can be spoiled or inedible, resulting in sickness. "

-        		"Also, some monsters' flesh is less palatable than others'. "

-        		"During sickness your hitpoints won't regenerate and sometimes "

-        		"an attribute may decrease. It wears off with time (wait with "

-                "<w>5<magenta>) or you could quaff a potion of healing.";

-        break;          

-    case TUT_YOU_POISON:                

-        learned_something_new(TUT_YOU_ENCHANTED);   

-        text =	"Poison will slowly reduce your hp. It wears off with time "

-                "(wait with <w>5<magenta>) or you could quaff a potion of "

-                "healing.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_YOU_CURSED:

-        text = 	"Curses are comparatively harmless, but they do mean that you "

-                "cannot remove cursed equipment and will have to suffer the "

-                "(possibly) bad effects until you find and read a scroll of "

-                "remove curse. Weapons can also be uncursed using enchanting "

-                "scrolls.";

-        break;          

-    case TUT_YOU_HUNGRY:

-        text =	"There are two ways to overcome hunger: food you started "

-        		"with or found, and selfmade chunks from corpses. To get the "

-        		"latter, all you need to do is <w>D<magenta> a corpse with a "

-                "sharp implement. Your starting	weapon will do nicely."

-                "Try to dine on chunks in order to save permanent food.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_YOU_STARVING:

-        text =	"You are now suffering from terrible hunger. You'll need to "

-        		"<w>e<magenta>at something quickly, or you'll die. The safest "

-        		"way to deal with this is to simply eat something from your "

-        		"inventory rather than wait for a monster to leave a corpse.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_MULTI_PICKUP:

-        text =	"There's a more comfortable way to pick up several items at the "

-        		"same time. If you press <w>,<magenta> or <w>g<magenta> twice "

-        		"you can choose items from a menu. This takes less keystrokes "

-        		"but has no influence on the number of turns needed. Multi-pickup "

-        		"will be interrupted by monsters or other dangerous events.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_HEAVY_LOAD:

-        if (you.burden_state != BS_UNENCUMBERED)

-            text = 	"It is not usually a good idea to run around encumbered; it "

-            		"slows you down and increases your hunger.";

-        else 

-            text = 	"Sadly, your inventory is limited to 52 items, and it appears "

-            		"your knapsack is full.";   

-

-        text += " However, this is easy enough to rectify: simply <w>d<magenta>rop "

-        		"some of the stuff you don't need or that's too heavy to lug "

-        		"around permanently.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_ROTTEN_FOOD:

-        text = 	"One or more of the chunks or corpses you carry has started to "

-        		"rot. Few races can digest these safely, so you might just as "

-        		"well <w>d<magenta>rop them now.";

-        if (you.religion == GOD_TROG || you.religion == GOD_MAKHLEB || 

-        	you.religion == GOD_OKAWARU)

-        {

-            text += "\nIf it is a rotting corpse you carry now might be a good "

-            		"time to <w>d<magenta>rop and <w>D<magenta>issect it during "

-              		"prayer (<w>p<magenta>) as an offer to ";

-            text += god_name(you.religion);

-            text += ".";

-        }       

-        break;

-    case TUT_MAKE_CHUNKS:

-        text = 	"How lucky! That monster left a corpse which you can now "

-        		"<w>D<magenta>issect. One or more chunks will appear, to be "

-                "<w>e<magenta>aten later on. Beware that some chunks may be, "

-                "sometimes or always, hazardous. Only experience can help "

-                "you here.";

-            

-        if (you.duration[DUR_PRAYER] && 

-            (you.religion == GOD_OKAWARU || you.religion == GOD_MAKHLEB || 

-            	you.religion == GOD_TROG || you.religion == GOD_ELYVILON))

-        {

-            text += "\nNote that dissection under prayer offers the corpse to ";

-            text += god_name(you.religion);

-            text += " - check your god's attitude about this with <w>^<magenta>.";

-        }           

-        break;

-    case TUT_SHIFT_RUN:

-        text = 	"Walking around takes less keystrokes if you press "

-        		"<w>Shift-direction<magenta> or <w>/ direction<magenta>. "

-                "That will let you run until a monster comes into sight or "

-                "your character sees something interesting.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_MAP_VIEW:

-        text = 	"As you explore a level, orientation can become difficult. "

-                "Press <w>X<magenta> to bring up the level map. Typing "

-                "<w>?<magenta> shows the list of level map commands. "

-                "Most importantly, moving the cursor to a spot and pressing "

-                "<w>.<magenta> or <w>Enter<magenta> lets your character move "

-                "there on its own.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_DONE_EXPLORE:

-        text =	"You have explored the dungeon on this level. The downstairs look "

-                "like '<w>><magenta>'. Proceed there and press <w>><magenta> to "

-                "go down.";

-

-        if (Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_STAIRS])

-        {

-        	text += "In rare cases, you may have found no downstairs at all. "

-            		"Try searching for secret doors in suspicious looking spots; "

-              		"use <w>s<magenta>, <w>.<magenta> or <w>5<magenta> to do so.";

-        }       

-        else

-        {

-            text += "Each level of Crawl has three white up and three white down "

-                    "stairs. Unexplored parts can often be accessed via another "

-                    "level or through secret doors. To find the latter, search "

-                   	"the adjacent squares of walls for one turn with <w>s<magenta> "

-                    "or <w>.<magenta>, or for 100 turns with <w>5<magenta> or "

-                   	"<w>Shift-numpad 5.";

-        }

-        break;

-    case TUT_NEED_HEALING:

-        text = 	"If you're low on hitpoints or magic and there's no urgent need "

-        		"to move, you can rest for a bit. Press <w>5<magenta> or "

-          		"<w>shift-numpad-5<magenta> to do so.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_NEED_POISON_HEALING:

-        text =	"Your poisoning could easily kill you, so now would be a good "

-        		"time to <w>q<magenta>uaff a potion of heal wounds or, better "

-       			"yet, a potion of healing. If you have seen neither of these so "

-          		"far, try unknown ones in your inventory. Good luck!";

-        break;

-    case TUT_POSTBERSERK:

-        text = 	"Berserking is extremely exhausting! It burns a lot of nutrition, "

-        		"and afterwards you are slowed down and occasionally even pass "

-          		"out.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_RUN_AWAY:

-        text = 	"Whenever you've got only a few hitpoints left and you're in "

-                "danger of dying, check your options carefully. Often, retreat or "

-                "use of some item might be a viable alternative to fighting on.";

-        if (you.species == SP_CENTAUR)

-        	text += "As a four-legged centaur you are particularly quick - "

-                    "running is an option! ";

-        if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR && !you.berserker)

-        {

-            text += "\nAlso, with ";

-            text += god_name(you.religion);

-            text += "'s support you can use your Berserk ability (<w>a<magenta>) "

-            		"to temporarily gain more hitpoints and greater strength. ";

-        }    

-        break;

-    case TUT_YOU_MUTATED:

-        text = 	"Mutations can be obtained from several sources, among them "

-                "potions, spell miscasts, and overuse of strong enchantments "

-                "like Invisibility. The only reliable way to get rid of mutations "

-                "is with potions of cure mutation. There are about as many "

-                "harmful as beneficial mutations, and most of them have three "

-                "levels. Check your mutations with <w>A<magenta>.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_NEW_ABILITY:

-        text = 	"You just gained a new ability. Press <w>a<magenta> to take a "

-        		"look at your abilities or to use one of them.";

-        break;

-    case TUT_WIELD_WEAPON:

-        text =	"You might want to <w>w<magenta>ield a more suitable implement "

-        		"when attacking monsters.";

-        if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR 

-        		&& you.inv[ you.equip[EQ_WEAPON] ].sub_type == WPN_BOW)

-        {

-            text += "You can easily switch between weapons in slots a and "

-            		"b by pressing <w>'<magenta>.";

-        }       

-        break; 

-    case TUT_SEEN_MONSTER:

-    case TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT:

-        break;

-    default: 

-        text += "You've found something new (but I don't know what)!";

-    }    

-    if (seen_what != TUT_SEEN_MONSTER && seen_what != TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT)

-    	print_formatted_paragraph(text, 80, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);

-   		

-    more();

-    

-    Options.tut_just_triggered = true;

-    Options.tutorial_events[seen_what] = 0;

-    Options.tutorial_left--;

-}

+/*
+ *  Created for Crawl Reference by JPEG on $Date: 2007-01-11$
+ */
+
+#include "tutorial.h"
+#include <cstring>
+
+#include "command.h"
+#include "files.h"
+#include "itemprop.h"
+#include "menu.h"
+#include "message.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "newgame.h"
+#include "output.h"
+#include "player.h"
+#include "religion.h"
+#include "spl-util.h"
+#include "stuff.h"
+#include "view.h"
+
+//#define TUTORIAL_DEBUG
+#define TUTORIAL_VERSION 110
+
+int COLS = get_number_of_cols();
+
+void save_tutorial( FILE* fp )
+{
+    writeLong( fp, TUTORIAL_VERSION);
+    writeShort( fp, Options.tutorial_type);
+    for ( unsigned i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; ++i )
+        writeShort( fp, Options.tutorial_events[i] );
+}
+
+void load_tutorial( FILE* fp )
+{
+    Options.tutorial_left = 0;
+
+    int version = readLong(fp);
+    Options.tutorial_type = readShort(fp);
+    if (version != TUTORIAL_VERSION)
+        return; 
+    for ( long i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; ++i )
+    {
+        Options.tutorial_events[i] = readShort(fp);
+        Options.tutorial_left += Options.tutorial_events[i];
+    }
+}
+
+// override init file definition for some options
+void init_tutorial_options()
+{
+    if (!Options.tutorial_left)
+        return;
+
+    Options.delay_message_clear = false;
+    Options.auto_list = true;
+}
+
+// tutorial selection screen and choice
+bool pick_tutorial()
+{
+    char keyn;
+    bool printed = false;
+    
+tut_query:
+    if (!printed)
+    {
+        clrscr();
+
+        textcolor( WHITE );
+        cprintf("You must be new here indeed!");
+
+        cprintf(EOL EOL);
+        textcolor( CYAN );
+        cprintf("You can be:");
+        cprintf(EOL EOL);
+
+        textcolor( LIGHTGREY );
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < TUT_TYPES_NUM; i++)
+            print_tutorial_menu(i);
+        
+        textcolor( BROWN );
+        cprintf(EOL "SPACE - Back to class selection; Bksp - Back to race selection; X - Quit"
+                EOL "* - Random tutorial" 
+                EOL);
+        printed = true;
+    }
+    keyn = c_getch();
+
+    if (keyn == '*')
+        keyn = 'a' + random2(TUT_TYPES_NUM);
+
+    // choose character for tutorial game and set starting values
+    if (keyn >= 'a' && keyn <= 'a' + TUT_TYPES_NUM - 1)
+    {
+        Options.tutorial_type = keyn - 'a';
+        you.species = get_tutorial_species(Options.tutorial_type);
+        you.char_class = get_tutorial_job(Options.tutorial_type);
+
+        // activate all triggers
+        for (int i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; i++)
+            Options.tutorial_events[i] = 1;
+        Options.tutorial_left = TUT_EVENTS_NUM;
+
+        // store whether explore, stash search or travelling was used
+        Options.tut_explored = 1;
+        Options.tut_stashes = 1;
+        Options.tut_travel = 1; 
+
+        // used to compare which fighting means was used most often
+        Options.tut_spell_counter = 0;
+        Options.tut_throw_counter = 0;
+        Options.tut_berserk_counter = 0;
+        Options.tut_melee_counter = 0;
+        
+        // for occasional healing reminders
+        Options.tut_last_healed = 0;
+
+        Options.random_pick = true; // random choice of starting spellbook
+        Options.weapon = WPN_HAND_AXE; // easiest choice for fighters
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if (keyn == CK_BKSP || keyn == ' ')
+    {
+        // in this case, undo previous choices
+//        set_startup_options(); 
+        you.species = 0; you.char_class = JOB_UNKNOWN;
+        Options.race = 0; Options.cls = 0;
+    }
+
+    switch (keyn)
+    {
+       case CK_BKSP:
+           choose_race();
+           break;
+       case ' ':
+           choose_class();
+           break;
+       case 'X':
+           cprintf(EOL "Goodbye!");
+           end(0);
+           break;
+       default:
+           printed = false;
+           goto tut_query;
+    }
+    
+    return false;
+}
+
+void print_tutorial_menu(unsigned int type)
+{
+    char letter = 'a' + type;
+    char desc[100];
+    
+    switch(type)
+    {
+      case TUT_BERSERK_CHAR:
+          strcpy(desc, "(Melee oriented character with divine support)");
+          break;
+      case TUT_MAGIC_CHAR:
+          strcpy(desc, "(Magic oriented character)");
+          break;
+      case TUT_RANGER_CHAR:
+          strcpy(desc, "(Ranged fighter)");
+          break;
+      default: // no further choices
+          strcpy(desc, "(erroneous character)");
+          break;
+    }
+
+    cprintf("%c - %s %s %s" EOL, letter, species_name(get_tutorial_species(type), 1),
+            get_class_name(get_tutorial_job(type)), desc);
+}
+
+unsigned int get_tutorial_species(unsigned int type)
+{
+    switch(type)
+    {
+      case TUT_BERSERK_CHAR:
+          return SP_MINOTAUR;
+      case TUT_MAGIC_CHAR:
+          return SP_DEEP_ELF;
+      case TUT_RANGER_CHAR:
+          return SP_CENTAUR;
+      default: // use something fancy for debugging
+          return SP_KENKU;
+    }
+}
+
+// TO DO: check whether job and species are compatible...
+unsigned int get_tutorial_job(unsigned int type)
+{
+    switch(type)
+    {
+      case TUT_BERSERK_CHAR:
+          return JOB_BERSERKER;
+      case TUT_MAGIC_CHAR:
+          return JOB_CONJURER;
+      case TUT_RANGER_CHAR:
+          return JOB_HUNTER;
+      default: // use something fancy for debugging
+          return JOB_NECROMANCER;
+    }
+}
+
+// the tutorial welcome screen
+static formatted_string tut_starting_info(unsigned int width)
+{
+    std::string result; // the entire page
+    std::string text; // one paragraph
+    
+    result += "<white>Welcome to Dungeon Crawl!</white>" EOL EOL;
+    
+    text += "Your object is to lead a ";
+    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "%s %s ", species_name(get_tutorial_species(Options.tutorial_type), 1), 
+             get_class_name(get_tutorial_job(Options.tutorial_type)));
+    text += info;
+    text += "safely through the depths of the dungeon, retrieving the fabled orb of Zot and "
+            "returning it to the surface. In the beginning, however, let discovery be your "
+            "main goal: try to delve as deeply as possible but beware as death lurks around "
+            "every corner here." EOL EOL;
+    linebreak_string2(text, width);
+    result += formatted_string::parse_string(text);
+                
+    result += "For the moment, just remember the following two keys and their functions:" EOL;
+    result += "  <white>?</white> - shows the items and the commands" EOL;
+    result += "  <white>S</white> - saves the game, to be resumed later (but note that death is permanent)" EOL;
+    result += "  <white>x</white> - examine something in your vicinity" EOL EOL;
+
+    text = "This tutorial will help you playing Crawl without reading any documentation. "
+           "If you feel intrigued, there is more information available in these files "
+           "(all of which can also be read in-game):" EOL;
+    linebreak_string2(text, width);
+    result += formatted_string::parse_string(text);
+
+    result += "  <darkgray>readme.txt</darkgray>         - A very short guide to Crawl." EOL;
+    result += "  <darkgray>manual.txt</darkgray>         - This contains all details on races, magic, skills, etc." EOL;
+    result += "  <darkgray>crawl_options.txt</darkgray>  - Crawl's interface is highly configurable. This document " EOL;
+    result += "                       explains all the options." EOL;
+    result += EOL;        
+    result += "Press <white>Space</white> to proceed to the basics (the screen division and movement)." EOL;
+    result += "Press <white>Esc</white> to fast forward to the game start.";
+
+
+    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);
+}
+
+#ifdef TUTORIAL_DEBUG
+static std::string tut_debug_list(int event)
+{
+    switch(event)
+    {
+      case TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT:
+          return "seen first object";
+      case TUT_SEEN_POTION:
+            return "seen first potion";
+      case TUT_SEEN_SCROLL:
+          return "seen first scroll";
+      case TUT_SEEN_WAND:
+          return "seen first wand";
+      case TUT_SEEN_SPBOOK:
+          return "seen first spellbook";
+      case TUT_SEEN_WEAPON:
+          return "seen first weapon";
+      case TUT_SEEN_MISSILES:
+          return "seen first missiles";
+      case TUT_SEEN_ARMOUR:
+          return "seen first armour";
+      case TUT_SEEN_RANDART:
+          return "seen first random artefact";
+      case TUT_SEEN_FOOD:
+          return "seen first food";
+      case TUT_SEEN_CARRION:
+          return "seen first corpse";
+      case TUT_SEEN_JEWELLERY:
+          return "seen first jewellery";
+      case TUT_SEEN_MISC:
+          return "seen first misc. item";
+      case TUT_SEEN_MONSTER:
+          return "seen first monster";
+      case TUT_SEEN_STAIRS:
+          return "seen first stairs";
+      case TUT_SEEN_TRAPS:
+          return "encountered a trap";
+      case TUT_SEEN_ALTAR:
+          return "seen an altar";
+      case TUT_SEEN_SHOP:
+          return "seen a shop";
+      case TUT_SEEN_DOOR:
+          return "seen a closed door";
+      case TUT_KILLED_MONSTER:
+          return "killed first monster";
+      case TUT_NEW_LEVEL:
+          return "gained a new level";
+      case TUT_SKILL_RAISE:
+          return "raised a skill";
+      case TUT_YOU_ENCHANTED:
+          return "caught an enchantment";
+      case TUT_YOU_SICK:
+          return "became sick";
+      case TUT_YOU_POISON:
+          return "were poisoned";
+      case TUT_YOU_CURSED:
+          return "had something cursed";
+      case TUT_YOU_HUNGRY:
+          return "felt hungry";
+      case TUT_YOU_STARVING:
+          return "were starving";
+      case TUT_MAKE_CHUNKS:
+          return "learned about chunks";
+      case TUT_MULTI_PICKUP:
+          return "read about pickup menu";
+      case TUT_HEAVY_LOAD:
+          return "were encumbered";
+      case TUT_ROTTEN_FOOD:
+          return "carried rotten food";
+      case TUT_NEED_HEALING:
+          return "needed healing";
+      case TUT_NEED_POISON_HEALING:
+          return "needed healing for poison";
+      case TUT_POSTBERSERK:
+          return "learned about Berserk aftereffects";
+      case TUT_RUN_AWAY:
+          return "were told to run away";
+      case TUT_SHIFT_RUN:
+          return "learned about shift-run";
+      case TUT_MAP_VIEW:
+          return "learned about the level map";
+      case TUT_DONE_EXPLORE:
+          return "explored a level";
+      case TUT_YOU_MUTATED:
+          return "caught a mutation";
+      case TUT_NEW_ABILITY:
+          return "gained a divine ability";
+      case TUT_WIELD_WEAPON:
+          return "wielded an unsuitable weapon";
+      default:
+          return "faced a bug";
+    }
+}
+
+static formatted_string tutorial_debug()
+{
+    std::string result;
+    bool lbreak = false;
+    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "Tutorial Debug Screen");
+    
+    int i = COLS/2-1 - strlen(info) / 2;
+    result += std::string(i, ' ');
+    result += "<white>";
+    result += info;
+    result += "</white>" EOL EOL;
+
+    result += "<darkgray>";
+    for (i=0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; i++)
+    {
+        snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "%d: %d (%s)", 
+                 i, Options.tutorial_events[i], tut_debug_list(i).c_str());
+        result += info;
+        
+        // break text into 2 columns where possible
+        if (strlen(info) >= COLS/2 || lbreak)
+        {
+            result += EOL;
+            lbreak = false;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            result += std::string(COLS/2-1 - strlen(info), ' ');
+            lbreak = true;
+        }
+    }
+    result += "</darkgray>" EOL EOL;
+ 
+    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "tutorial_left: %d\n", Options.tutorial_left);
+    result += info;
+    result += EOL;
+ 
+    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "You are a %s %s, and the tutorial will reflect that.",
+             species_name(get_tutorial_species(Options.tutorial_type), 1), 
+             get_class_name(get_tutorial_job(Options.tutorial_type)));
+ 
+    result += info;
+
+    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);
+}
+#endif // debug
+
+static formatted_string tutorial_map_intro()
+{
+    std::string result;
+
+    result =  "<magenta>"
+              "What you see here is the typical Crawl screen. The upper left map "
+              "shows your hero as the <white>@<magenta> in the center. The parts "
+              "of the map you remember but cannot currently see, will be greyed "
+              "out."
+              "</magenta>" EOL;
+    result += " --more--                               Press <white>Escape</white> to skip the basics";
+
+    linebreak_string2(result,COLS);
+    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);
+}
+
+static formatted_string tutorial_stats_intro()
+{
+    std::string result;
+    result += "<magenta>";
+
+    result += "To the right, important properties of " EOL;
+    result += "the character are displayed. The most " EOL;
+    result += "basic one is your health, measured as " EOL;
+    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "<white>HP: %d/%d<magenta>. ", you.hp, you.hp_max);
+    result += info; 
+    if (Options.tutorial_type==TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)
+        result += "  ";
+    result += "These are your current out " EOL;
+    result += "of maximum health points. When health " EOL;
+    result += "drops to zero, you die.               " EOL;
+    snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "<white>Magic: %d/%d<magenta>", you.magic_points, you.max_magic_points);
+    result += info; 
+    result += " is your energy for casting " EOL;
+    result += "spells, although more mundane actions " EOL;
+    result += "often draw from Magic, too.           " EOL;
+    result += "Further down, <white>Str<magenta>ength, <white>Dex<magenta>terity and " EOL;
+    result += "<white>Int<magenta>elligence are shown and provide an " EOL;
+    result += "all-around account of the character's " EOL;
+    result += "attributes.                           " EOL;
+
+    result += "</magenta>";
+    result += "                                      " EOL;
+    result += " --more--                               Press <white>Escape</white> to skip the basics" EOL;
+    result += "                                      " EOL;
+    result += "                                      " EOL;
+
+    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);
+}
+
+static formatted_string tutorial_message_intro()
+{
+    std::string result;
+
+    result =  "<magenta>"
+              "This lower part of the screen is reserved for messages. Everything "
+              "related to the tutorial is shown in this colour. If you missed "
+              "something, previous messages can be read again with "
+              "<white>Ctrl-P<magenta>."
+              "</magenta>" EOL;
+    result += " --more--                               Press <white>Escape</white> to skip the basics";
+
+    linebreak_string2(result,COLS);
+    return formatted_string::parse_string(result);
+}
+
+static void tutorial_movement_info()
+{
+    std::string text;
+    text =  "To move your character, use the numpad; try Numlock both on and off. "
+            "If your system has no number pad, or if you are familiar with the vi "
+            "keys, movement is also possible with <w>hjklyubn<magenta>. A basic "
+            "command list can be found under <w>?<magenta>, and the most important "
+            "commands will be explained to you as it becomes necessary. ";
+    print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+}
+
+// copied from display_mutations and adapted
+void tut_starting_screen()
+{
+
+    int x1, x2, y1, y2;
+    int MAX_INFO = 4;
+#ifdef TUTORIAL_DEBUG
+    MAX_INFO++;
+#endif
+    char ch;
+
+    for (int i=0; i<=MAX_INFO; i++)
+    {
+        x1 = 1; y1 = 1;
+        x2 = COLS; y2 = get_number_of_lines();
+
+        if (i==1 || i==3)
+        {
+            y1 = 18; // message window
+        }
+        else if (i==2)
+        {
+            x2 = 40; // map window
+            y2 = 18;
+        }
+
+        if (i==0)
+            clrscr();
+
+        gotoxy(x1,y1);
+
+        if (i==0)
+            tut_starting_info(x2).display();
+        else if (i==1)
+            tutorial_map_intro().display();
+        else if (i==2)
+            tutorial_stats_intro().display();
+        else if (i==3)
+            tutorial_message_intro().display();
+        else if (i==4)
+            tutorial_movement_info();
+        else
+        {
+#ifdef TUTORIAL_DEBUG
+            clrscr();
+            gotoxy(x1,y1);
+            tutorial_debug().display();
+#else
+            continue;
+#endif
+        }
+
+        ch = c_getch();
+        redraw_screen();
+        if (ch == ESCAPE)
+            break;
+    }
+}
+
+// once a tutorial character dies, offer some playing hints
+void tutorial_death_screen()
+{
+    Options.tutorial_left = 0;
+    std::string text;
+
+    mpr( "Condolences! Your character's premature perishing is a sad, but "
+         "common occurence in Crawl. Rest assured that with diligence and "
+         "playing experience your characters will last longer.\n", MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+    mpr( "Perhaps the following advice can improve your playing style:", MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+    more();
+
+    if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR 
+          && Options.tut_spell_counter < Options.tut_melee_counter )
+        text = "As a Conjurer your main weapon should be offensive magic. Cast "
+                "spells more often! Remember to rest when your Magic is low.";
+    else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR 
+    	     && Options.tut_berserk_counter < 1 )
+    {
+        text =  "Don't forget to go berserk when fighting particularly "
+                "difficult foes. It is risky, but makes you faster "
+                "and beefier. Also try to pray prior to battles so that ";
+        text += god_name(you.religion);
+        text += " will soon feel like providing more abilities.";
+    }
+    else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR 
+    	     && 2*Options.tut_throw_counter < Options.tut_melee_counter )
+        text = "Your bow and arrows are extremely powerful against "
+               "distant monsters. Be sure to collect all arrows lying "
+               "around in the dungeon."; 
+    else
+    {
+      int hint = random2(6);
+      // If a character has been unusually busy with projectiles and spells
+      // give some other hint rather than the first one.
+      if (Options.tut_throw_counter + Options.tut_spell_counter >= Options.tut_melee_counter
+            && hint == 0)
+         hint = random2(5)+1;
+
+      switch(hint)
+      {
+        case 0:
+            text = "Always consider using projectiles, wands or spells before "
+                   "engaging monsters in close combat.";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            text = "Learn when to run away from things you can't handle - this is "
+                   "important! It is often wise to skip a particularly dangerous "
+                   "level. But don't overdo this as monsters will only get harder "
+                   "the deeper you delve.";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            text = "Rest between encounters. In Crawl, searching and resting are "
+                   "one and the same. To search for one turn, press <w>s<magenta>, "
+                   "<w>.<magenta>, <w>delete<magenta> or <w>keypad-5<magenta>. "
+                   "Pressing <w>5<magenta> or <w>shift-and-keypad-5<magenta> will "
+                   "let you rest for a longer time (you will stop resting when "
+                   "fully healed).";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            text =  "Remember to use those scrolls, potions or wands you've found. "
+                    "Very often, you cannot expect to identify everything with the "
+                    "scroll only. Learn to improvise: identify through usage.";
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            text =  "If a particular encounter feels overwhelming don't forget to "
+                    "use emergency items early on. A scroll of teleportation or a "
+                    "potion of speed can really save your bacon.";
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            text =  "Never fight more than one monster if you can help it. Always "
+                    "back into a corridor so that they are forced to fight you one "
+                    "on one.";
+            break;
+        default:
+            text =  "Sorry, no hint this time, though there should have been one.";
+      }
+    }
+    print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+    more();
+
+    mpr( "See you next game!", MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+
+    for ( long i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; ++i )
+        Options.tutorial_events[i] = 0;
+}
+
+// if a character survives until Xp 5, the tutorial is declared finished
+// and they get a more advanced playing hint, depending on what they might
+// know by now
+void tutorial_finished()
+{
+    std::string text;
+
+    Options.tutorial_left = 0;
+    text =  "Congrats! You survived until the end of this tutorial - be sure to "
+            "try the other ones as well. Note that the help screen (<w>?<magenta>) "
+            "will look different from now on. Here's a last playing hint:";
+    print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+    more();
+
+    if (Options.tut_explored)
+    {
+        text =  "Walking around and exploring levels gets easier by using "
+                "auto-explore (<w>Ctrl-O<magenta>). You can even make Crawl "
+                "automatically pick up interesting items by setting the "
+                "option <w>explore_greedy=true<magenta> in the init file.";
+    }
+    else if (Options.tut_travel)
+    {
+        text =  "There is a convenient way for travelling between far away "
+                "dungeon levels: press <w>Ctrl-G<magenta> and enter the desired "
+                "destination. If your travel gets interrupted, issueing "
+                "<w>Ctrl-G Enter<magenta> will continue it.";
+    }
+    else if (Options.tut_stashes)
+    {
+        text =  "You can search among all items existing in the dungeon with "
+                "the <w>Ctrl-F<magenta> command. For example, "
+                "<w>Ctrl-F \"knife\"<magenta> will list all knives. You can then "
+                "travel to one of the spots. It is even possible to enter words "
+                "like <w>\"shop\"<magenta> or <w>\"altar\"<magenta>.";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        int hint = random2(3);
+        switch (hint)
+        {
+          case 0:
+              text =  "The game keeps an automated logbook for your characters. Use "
+                      "<w>?:<magenta> to read it. You can enter notes manually with "
+                      "the <w>:<magenta> command. Once your character perishes, two "
+                      "morgue files are left in the <w>/morgue<magenta> directory. "
+                      "The one ending in .txt contains a copy of your logbook. "
+                      "During play, you can create a dump file with <w>#<magenta>.";
+              break;
+          case 1:
+              text =  "Crawl has a macro function built in: press <w>~m<magenta> "
+                      "to define a macro by first specifying a trigger key (say, "
+                      "<w>F1<magenta>) and a command sequence, for example "
+                      "<w>Za+.<magenta>. The latter will make the <w>F1<magenta> "
+                      "key always zap the spell in slot a at the nearest monster. "
+                      "For more information on macros, type <w>?~<magenta>.";
+              break;
+          case 2:
+              text =  "The interface can be greatly customised. All options are "
+                      "explained in the file <w>crawl_options.txt<magenta> which "
+                      "can be found in the <w>/docs<magenta> directory. The "
+                      "options themselves are set in <w>init.txt<magenta> or "
+                      "<w>.crawlrc<magenta>. Crawl will complain when it can't "
+                      "find either file.\n";
+               break;
+          default:
+              text =  "Oops... No hint for now. Better luck next time!";
+        } 
+    }
+    print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+    more();
+
+    for ( long i = 0; i < TUT_EVENTS_NUM; ++i )
+        Options.tutorial_events[i] = 0;
+}
+
+// occasionally remind religious characters of praying
+void tutorial_prayer_reminder()
+{
+    if (Options.tut_just_triggered)
+        return;
+
+    if (coinflip()) // always would be too annoying
+    {
+        std::string text;
+        text =  "Remember to <w>p<magenta>ray before battle, so as to dedicate "
+                "your kills to ";
+        text += god_name(you.religion);
+        text += ". Should the monster leave a corpse, consider "
+                "<w>D<magenta>issecting it as a sacrifice to ";
+        text += god_name(you.religion);
+        text += ", as well.";
+        print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+    }
+}
+
+// occasionally remind injured characters of resting
+void tutorial_healing_reminder()
+{
+    if (you.poisoning && 2*you.hp < you.hp_max)
+    {
+        if (Options.tutorial_events[TUT_NEED_POISON_HEALING])
+            learned_something_new(TUT_NEED_POISON_HEALING);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (Options.tutorial_events[TUT_NEED_HEALING]) 
+            learned_something_new(TUT_NEED_HEALING);
+        else if (you.num_turns - Options.tut_last_healed >= 50 && !you.poisoning)
+        {
+            if (Options.tut_just_triggered)
+                return;
+
+            std::string text;
+            text =  "Remember to rest between fights and to enter unexplored "
+                    "terrain with full hitpoints and/or magic. For resting, "
+                    "press <w>5<magenta> or <w>Shift-numpad 5<magenta>.";
+            print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+        }
+        Options.tut_last_healed = you.num_turns;
+    }
+}
+
+void taken_new_item(unsigned char item_type)
+{
+    switch(item_type)
+    {
+      case OBJ_WANDS:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_WAND);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_SCROLLS:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_SCROLL);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_JEWELLERY:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_JEWELLERY);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_POTIONS:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_POTION);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_BOOKS:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_SPBOOK);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_FOOD:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_FOOD);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_CORPSES:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_CARRION);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_WEAPONS:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_WEAPON);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_ARMOUR:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_ARMOUR);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_MISSILES:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_MISSILES);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_MISCELLANY:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_MISC);
+          break;
+      case OBJ_STAVES:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_SEEN_STAFF);
+          break;
+      default: /* nothing to be done */
+          return;
+    }
+}
+
+void tutorial_first_monster(monsters mon)
+{
+    if (!Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_MONSTER])
+        return;
+
+    std::string text = "<magenta>That ";
+    formatted_string st = formatted_string::parse_string(text);
+    st.formatted_string::textcolor(channel_to_colour(MSGCH_TUTORIAL));
+    st.formatted_string::add_glyph(&mon);
+    text = " is a monster, usually depicted by a letter. Some typical early monsters ";
+    st += formatted_string::parse_string(text);
+    formatted_mpr(st, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+
+    text = "look like <brown>r<magenta>, <w>g<magenta>, <lightgray>b<magenta> or "
+           "<brown>K<magenta>. You can gain information about it by pressing "
+           "<w>x<magenta>, moving the cursor on the monster and then pressing "
+           "<w>v<magenta>. To attack it with your wielded weapon, just move into it.";
+    print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+
+    more();
+
+    if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR)
+    {
+        text =  "However, as a hunter you will want to deal with it using your "
+                "bow. Do this as follows: <w>wbf+.<magenta> where <w>wb<magenta> "
+                "wields the bow, <w>f<magenta> fires appropriate ammunition "
+                "(your arrows) and enters targeting mode. <w>+<magenta> and "
+                "<w>-<magenta> allow you to select the proper monster. Finally, "
+                "<w>Enter<magenta> or <w>.<magenta> fire. If you miss, "
+                "<w>ff<magenta> fires at the previous target again.";
+        print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+    }
+    else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)
+    {
+        text =  "However, as a conjurer you will want to deal with it using magic."
+                "Do this as follows: <w>Za+.<magenta> where <w>Za<magenta> zaps "
+                "the first spell you know, ";
+        text += spell_title(get_spell_by_letter('a'));
+        text += ", and enters targeting mode. <w>+<magenta> and <w>-<magenta> "
+                "allow you to select the proper target. Finally, <w>Enter<magenta> "
+                "or <w>.<magenta> fire. If you miss, <w>Zap<magenta> will "
+                "fire at the previous target again.";
+        print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+    }
+
+    Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_MONSTER] = 0;
+    Options.tutorial_left--;
+    Options.tut_just_triggered = 1;
+}
+
+void tutorial_first_item(item_def item)
+{
+    if (!Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT] || Options.tut_just_triggered)
+        return;
+
+    std::string text = "<magenta>That ";
+    formatted_string st = formatted_string::parse_string(text);
+    st.formatted_string::textcolor(channel_to_colour(MSGCH_TUTORIAL));
+    st.formatted_string::add_glyph(&item);
+    text = " is an item. If you move there and press <w>g<magenta> or "
+           "<w>,<magenta> you will pick it up.";
+    st += formatted_string::parse_string(text);
+    formatted_mpr(st, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+
+    text = "Generally, items are shown by non-letter symbols like "
+           "<w>%%?!\"=()[<magenta>. Once it is in your inventory, you can drop "
+           "it again with <w>d<magenta>. Several types of objects will usually "
+           "be picked up automatically.";
+    print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+
+    Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT] = 0;
+    Options.tutorial_left--;
+    Options.tut_just_triggered = 1;
+}
+
+// Here most of the tutorial messages for various triggers are handled.
+void learned_something_new(unsigned int seen_what, int x, int y)
+{ 
+    // already learned about that
+    if (!Options.tutorial_events[seen_what])
+        return;
+
+    // don't trigger twice in the same turn 
+    if (Options.tut_just_triggered)
+        return;
+
+    std::string text;
+    unsigned short ch, colour;
+
+    switch(seen_what)
+    {
+      case TUT_SEEN_POTION:
+          text =  "You have picked up your first potion ('<w>!<magenta>'). Use "
+                  "<w>q<magenta> to drink (quaff) it.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_SCROLL:
+          text =  "You have picked up your first scroll ('<w>?<magenta>'). Type "
+                  "<w>r<magenta> to read it.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_WAND:
+          text =  "You have picked up your first wand ('<w>/<magenta>'). Type "
+                  "<w>z<magenta> to zap it.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_SPBOOK:
+          get_item_symbol(DNGN_ITEM_BOOK, &ch, &colour);
+          snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "%c", ch);
+          text =  "You have picked up a spellbook ('<w>";
+          text += info;
+          text += "'<magenta>). You can read it by typing <w>r<magenta>, "
+                  "memorise spells via <w>M<magenta> and cast a memorised spell "
+                  "with <w>Z<magenta>.";
+
+          if (!you.skills[SK_SPELLCASTING])
+          {
+              text += "\nHowever, first you will have to get accustomed to "
+                      "spellcasting by reading lots of scrolls.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_WEAPON:
+          text =  "This is the first weapon ('<w>(<magenta>') you've picked up. "
+                  "Use <w>w<magenta> to wield it, but be aware that this weapon "
+                  "might train a different skill from your current one. You can "
+                  "view the weapon's properties with <w>v<magenta>.";
+          if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR)
+          {
+              text += "\nAs you're already trained in Axes you should stick with "
+                      "these. Checking other axes can be worthwhile.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_MISSILES:
+          text =  "This is the first stack of missiles ('<w>)<magenta>') you've "
+                  "picked up. Darts can be thrown by hand, but other missile types "
+                  "like arrows and needles require a launcher and training in "
+                  "using it to be really effective. <w>v<magenta> gives more "
+                  "information about both missiles and launcher.";
+          if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR)
+          {
+              text += "\nAs you're already trained in Bows you should stick with "
+                      "arrows and collect more of them in the dungeon.";
+          }
+          else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)
+          {
+              text += "\nHowever, as a spellslinger you don't really need another "
+                      "type of ranged attack, unless there's another effect in "
+                      "addition to damage.";
+          }
+          else
+          {
+              text += "\nFor now you might be best off with sticking to darts or "
+                      "stones for ranged attacks.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_ARMOUR:
+          text =  "This is the first piece of armour ('<w>[<magenta>') you've "
+                  "picked up. Use <w>W<magenta> to wear it and <w>T<magenta> to "
+                  "take it off again. You can view its properties with "
+                  "<w>v<magenta>.";
+
+          if (you.species == SP_CENTAUR || you.species == SP_MINOTAUR)
+          {
+              snprintf( info, INFO_SIZE, "\nNote that as a %s, you will be unable to wear %s.",
+              species_name(you.species, 1), you.species == SP_CENTAUR ? "boots" : "helmets");
+              text += info;
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_RANDART:
+          text =  "Weapons and armour that have unusual descriptions like this "
+                  "are much more likely to be of higher enchantment or have "
+                  "special properties, good or bad. The rarer the description, "
+                  "the greater the potential value of an item.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_FOOD:
+          text =  "You have picked up some food ('<w>%%<magenta>'). You can eat it "
+                  "by typing <w>e<magenta>.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_CARRION:
+          text =  "You have picked up a corpse ('<w>%%<magenta>'). When a corpse "
+                  "is lying on the ground, you can <w>D<magenta>issect with a "
+                  "sharp implement. Once hungry you can <w>e<magenta>at the "
+                  "resulting chunks (though they may not be healthy).";
+          if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR)
+          {
+             text += " During prayer you can offer corpses to ";
+             text += god_name(you.religion);
+             text += " by dissecting them, as well.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_JEWELLERY:
+          text =  "You have picked up a a piece of jewellery, either a ring "
+                  "('<w>=<magenta>') or an amulet ('<w>\"<magenta>'). Type "
+                  "<w>P<magenta> to put it on and <w>R<magenta> to remove it. You "
+                  "can view it with <w>v<magenta> although often magic is "
+                  "necessary to reveal its true nature.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_MISC:
+          text =  "This is a curious object indeed. You can play around with it "
+                  "to find out what it does by <w>w<magenta>ielding and "
+                  "<w>E<magenta>voking it.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_STAFF:
+          get_item_symbol(DNGN_ITEM_STAVE, &ch, &colour);
+          snprintf(info, INFO_SIZE, "%c", ch);
+          text =  "You have picked up a magic staff or a rod, both of which are "
+                  "represented by '<w>";
+          text += info;
+          text += "<magenta>'. Both must be <w>i<magenta>elded to be of use. "
+                  "Magicians use staves to increase their power in certain spell "
+                  "schools. By contrast, a rod allows the casting of certain "
+                  "spells even without magic knowledge simply by "
+                  "<w>E<magenta>voking it. For the latter the power depends on "
+                  "your Evocations skill.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_STAIRS:
+          if (you.num_turns < 1)
+          	return;
+
+          text =  "The <w>";
+          text += get_screen_glyph(x,y);
+          text += "<magenta> are some downstairs. You can enter the next (deeper) "
+                  "level by following them down (<w>><magenta>). To get back to "
+                  "this level again, press <w><<<magenta> while standing on the "
+                  "upstairs.";
+
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_TRAPS:
+          text =  "Oops... you just entered a trap. An unwary adventurer will "
+                  "occasionally stumble into one of these nasty constructions "
+                  "depicted by <w>^<magenta>. They can do physical damage (with "
+                  "darts or needles, for example) or have other, more magical "
+                  "effects, like teleportation.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_ALTAR:
+          text =  "The <blue>";
+          text += get_screen_glyph(x,y);
+          text += "<magenta> is an altar. You can get information about it by pressing "
+                  "<w>p<magenta> while standing on the square. Before taking up "
+                  "the responding faith you'll be asked for confirmation.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_SHOP:
+          text =  "The <yellow>";
+          text += get_screen_glyph(x,y);
+          text += "<magenta> is a shop. You can enter it by typing <w><<<magenta>.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_DOOR:
+          if (you.num_turns < 1)
+          	return;
+
+          text =  "The <w>";
+          text += get_screen_glyph(x,y);
+          text += "<magenta> is a closed door. You can open it by walking into it. "
+                  "Sometimes it is useful to close a door. Do so by pressing "
+                  "<w>c<magenta>, followed by the direction.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_KILLED_MONSTER:
+          text =  "Congratulations, your character just gained some experience by "
+                  "killing this monster! Every action will use up some of it to "
+                  "train certain skills. For example, fighting monsters ";
+          if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR)
+              text += "in melee battle will raise your Axes and Fighting skills.";
+          else if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR)
+              text += "using bow and arrows will raise your Bows and Ranged Combat "
+                      "skills.";
+          else // if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)
+              text += "with offensive magic will raise your Conjurations and "
+                      "Spellcasting skills.";
+
+          if (you.religion != GOD_NO_GOD)
+          {
+              text += "\nTo dedicate your kills to ";
+              text += god_name(you.religion);
+              text += " <w>p<magenta>ray before battle. Not all gods will be "
+                      "pleased by doing this.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_NEW_LEVEL:
+          text =  "Well done! Reaching a new experience level is always a nice "
+                  "event: you get more health and magic points, and occasionally "
+                  "increases to your attributes (strength, dexterity, intelligence).";
+          if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_MAGIC_CHAR)
+          {
+              text += "\nAlso, new experience levels let you learn more spells "
+                      "(the Spellcasting skill also does this). For now, "
+                      "you should try to memorise the second spell of your "
+                      "starting book with <w>Mcb<magenta>, which can then be "
+                      "zapped with <w>Zb<magenta>.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_SKILL_RAISE:
+          text =  "One of your skills just got raised. Type <w>m<magenta> to take "
+                  "a look at your skills screen.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_YOU_ENCHANTED:
+          text =  "Enchantments of all types can befall you temporarily. "
+                  "Abbreviated signalisation appears at the lower end of the stats "
+                  "area. Press <w>@<magenta> for more details. A list of all "
+                  "possible enchantments is given in the manual.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_YOU_SICK:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_YOU_ENCHANTED);
+          text =  "Corpses can be spoiled or inedible, resulting in sickness. "
+                  "Also, some monsters' flesh is less palatable than others'. "
+                  "During sickness your hitpoints won't regenerate and sometimes "
+                  "an attribute may decrease. It wears off with time (wait with "
+                  "<w>5<magenta>) or you could quaff a potion of healing.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_YOU_POISON:
+          learned_something_new(TUT_YOU_ENCHANTED);
+          text =  "Poison will slowly reduce your hp. It wears off with time "
+                  "(wait with <w>5<magenta>) or you could quaff a potion of "
+                  "healing.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_YOU_CURSED:
+          text =  "Curses are comparatively harmless, but they do mean that you "
+                  "cannot remove cursed equipment and will have to suffer the "
+                  "(possibly) bad effects until you find and read a scroll of "
+                  "remove curse. Weapons can also be uncursed using enchanting "
+                  "scrolls.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_YOU_HUNGRY:
+          text =  "There are two ways to overcome hunger: food you started "
+                  "with or found, and selfmade chunks from corpses. To get the "
+                  "latter, all you need to do is <w>D<magenta> a corpse with a "
+                  "sharp implement. Your starting weapon will do nicely."
+                  "Try to dine on chunks in order to save permanent food.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_YOU_STARVING:
+          text =  "You are now suffering from terrible hunger. You'll need to "
+                  "<w>e<magenta>at something quickly, or you'll die. The safest "
+                  "way to deal with this is to simply eat something from your "
+                  "inventory rather than wait for a monster to leave a corpse.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_MULTI_PICKUP:
+          text =  "There's a more comfortable way to pick up several items at the "
+                  "same time. If you press <w>,<magenta> or <w>g<magenta> twice "
+                  "you can choose items from a menu. This takes less keystrokes "
+                  "but has no influence on the number of turns needed. Multi-pickup "
+                  "will be interrupted by monsters or other dangerous events.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_HEAVY_LOAD:
+          if (you.burden_state != BS_UNENCUMBERED)
+              text =  "It is not usually a good idea to run around encumbered; it "
+                      "slows you down and increases your hunger.";
+          else
+              text =  "Sadly, your inventory is limited to 52 items, and it appears "
+                      "your knapsack is full.";
+
+          text += " However, this is easy enough to rectify: simply <w>d<magenta>rop "
+                  "some of the stuff you don't need or that's too heavy to lug "
+                  "around permanently.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_ROTTEN_FOOD:
+          text =  "One or more of the chunks or corpses you carry has started to "
+                  "rot. Few races can digest these safely, so you might just as "
+                  "well <w>d<magenta>rop them now.";
+          if (you.religion == GOD_TROG || you.religion == GOD_MAKHLEB ||
+              you.religion == GOD_OKAWARU)
+          {
+              text += "\nIf it is a rotting corpse you carry now might be a good "
+                      "time to <w>d<magenta>rop and <w>D<magenta>issect it during "
+                      "prayer (<w>p<magenta>) as an offer to ";
+              text += god_name(you.religion);
+              text += ".";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_MAKE_CHUNKS:
+          text =  "How lucky! That monster left a corpse which you can now "
+                  "<w>D<magenta>issect. One or more chunks will appear that you can "
+                  "then <w>e<magenta>at. Beware that some chunks may be, "
+                  "sometimes or always, hazardous. Only experience can help "
+                  "you here.";
+
+          if (you.duration[DUR_PRAYER] &&
+                (you.religion == GOD_OKAWARU || you.religion == GOD_MAKHLEB ||
+                 you.religion == GOD_TROG || you.religion == GOD_ELYVILON))
+          {
+              text += "\nNote that dissection under prayer offers the corpse to ";
+              text += god_name(you.religion);
+              text += " - check your god's attitude about this with <w>^<magenta>.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_SHIFT_RUN:
+          text =  "Walking around takes less keystrokes if you press "
+                  "<w>Shift-direction<magenta> or <w>/ direction<magenta>. "
+                  "That will let you run until a monster comes into sight or "
+                  "your character sees something interesting.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_MAP_VIEW:
+          text =  "As you explore a level, orientation can become difficult. "
+                  "Press <w>X<magenta> to bring up the level map. Typing "
+                  "<w>?<magenta> shows the list of level map commands. "
+                  "Most importantly, moving the cursor to a spot and pressing "
+                  "<w>.<magenta> or <w>Enter<magenta> lets your character move "
+                  "there on its own.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_DONE_EXPLORE:
+          text =  "You have explored the dungeon on this level. The downstairs look "
+                  "like '<w>><magenta>'. Proceed there and press <w>><magenta> to "
+                  "go down. ";
+
+          if (Options.tutorial_events[TUT_SEEN_STAIRS])
+          {
+              text += "In rare cases, you may have found no downstairs at all. "
+                      "Try searching for secret doors in suspicious looking spots; "
+                      "use <w>s<magenta>, <w>.<magenta> or <w>5<magenta> to do so.";
+          }
+          else
+          {
+              text += "Each level of Crawl has three white up and three white down "
+                      "stairs. Unexplored parts can often be accessed via another "
+                      "level or through secret doors. To find the latter, search "
+                      "the adjacent squares of walls for one turn with <w>s<magenta> "
+                      "or <w>.<magenta>, or for 100 turns with <w>5<magenta> or "
+                      "<w>Shift-numpad 5.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_NEED_HEALING:
+          text =  "If you're low on hitpoints or magic and there's no urgent need "
+                  "to move, you can rest for a bit. Press <w>5<magenta> or "
+                  "<w>shift-numpad-5<magenta> to do so.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_NEED_POISON_HEALING:
+          text =  "Your poisoning could easily kill you, so now would be a good "
+                  "time to <w>q<magenta>uaff a potion of heal wounds or, better "
+                  "yet, a potion of healing. If you have seen neither of these so "
+                  "far, try unknown ones in your inventory. Good luck!";
+          break;
+      case TUT_POSTBERSERK:
+          text =  "Berserking is extremely exhausting! It burns a lot of nutrition, "
+                  "and afterwards you are slowed down and occasionally even pass "
+                  "out.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_RUN_AWAY:
+          text =  "Whenever you've got only a few hitpoints left and you're in "
+                  "danger of dying, check your options carefully. Often, retreat or "
+                  "use of some item might be a viable alternative to fighting on.";
+          if (you.species == SP_CENTAUR)
+              text += "As a four-legged centaur you are particularly quick - "
+                      "running is an option! ";
+          if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_BERSERK_CHAR && !you.berserker)
+          {
+              text += "\nAlso, with ";
+              text += god_name(you.religion);
+              text += "'s support you can use your Berserk ability (<w>a<magenta>) "
+                      "to temporarily gain more hitpoints and greater strength. ";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_YOU_MUTATED:
+          text =  "Mutations can be obtained from several sources, among them "
+                  "potions, spell miscasts, and overuse of strong enchantments "
+                  "like Invisibility. The only reliable way to get rid of mutations "
+                  "is with potions of cure mutation. There are about as many "
+                  "harmful as beneficial mutations, and most of them have three "
+                  "levels. Check your mutations with <w>A<magenta>.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_NEW_ABILITY:
+          text =  "You just gained a new ability. Press <w>a<magenta> to take a "
+                  "look at your abilities or to use one of them.";
+          break;
+      case TUT_WIELD_WEAPON:
+          text =  "You might want to <w>w<magenta>ield a more suitable implement "
+                  "when attacking monsters.";
+          if (Options.tutorial_type == TUT_RANGER_CHAR
+                  && you.inv[ you.equip[EQ_WEAPON] ].sub_type == WPN_BOW)
+          {
+              text += "You can easily switch between weapons in slots a and "
+                      "b by pressing <w>'<magenta>.";
+          }
+          break;
+      case TUT_SEEN_MONSTER:
+      case TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT:
+          break;
+      default:
+          text += "You've found something new (but I don't know what)!";
+    }
+    if (seen_what != TUT_SEEN_MONSTER && seen_what != TUT_SEEN_FIRST_OBJECT)
+       print_formatted_paragraph(text, COLS, MSGCH_TUTORIAL);
+
+//    more();
+
+    Options.tut_just_triggered = true;
+    Options.tutorial_events[seen_what] = 0;
+    Options.tutorial_left--;
+}