Split miscast code off from spl-cast.cc into spl-mis.cc

Get rid of members mon_target and mon_source from MiscastEffect class, replace
with methods target_as_monster() and source_as_monster().


git-svn-id: https://crawl-ref.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/crawl-ref/trunk@8674 c06c8d41-db1a-0410-9941-cceddc491573

4 files changed, 2723 insertions, 2685 deletions

diff --git a/crawl-ref/source/makefile.obj b/crawl-ref/source/makefile.obj
index 9ef6148e86..167bbb5244 100644
--- a/crawl-ref/source/makefile.obj
+++ b/crawl-ref/source/makefile.obj
@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ spells2.o \
 spells3.o \
 spells4.o \
 spl-book.o \
+spl-mis.o \
 spl-cast.o \
 spl-util.o \
 sqldbm.o \
diff --git a/crawl-ref/source/spl-cast.cc b/crawl-ref/source/spl-cast.cc
index 56e5243a17..f26f102fbf 100644
--- a/crawl-ref/source/spl-cast.cc
+++ b/crawl-ref/source/spl-cast.cc
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ REVISION("$Rev$");
 #include "externs.h"
 
 #include "beam.h"
-#include "cloud.h"
 #include "describe.h"
 #include "effects.h"
 #include "fight.h"
@@ -29,12 +28,9 @@ REVISION("$Rev$");
 #include "item_use.h"
 #include "itemname.h"
 #include "itemprop.h"
-#include "Kills.h"
 #include "macro.h"
 #include "menu.h"
 #include "message.h"
-#include "misc.h"
-#include "monplace.h"
 #include "monstuff.h"
 #include "mstuff2.h"
 #include "mutation.h"
@@ -56,17 +52,11 @@ REVISION("$Rev$");
 #include "transfor.h"
 #include "tutorial.h"
 #include "view.h"
-#include "xom.h"
 
 #ifdef DOS
 #include <conio.h>
 #endif
 
-// This determines how likely it is that more powerful wild magic
-// effects will occur.  Set to 100 for the old probabilities (although
-// the individual effects have been made much nastier since then).
-#define WILD_MAGIC_NASTINESS 150
-
 static bool _surge_identify_boosters(spell_type spell)
 {
     const unsigned int typeflags = get_spell_disciplines(spell);
@@ -2239,2678 +2229,6 @@ void exercise_spell( spell_type spell, bool spc, bool success )
         did_god_conduct( DID_SPELL_PRACTISE, exer_norm );
 }
 
-#define MAX_RECURSE 100
-
-MiscastEffect::MiscastEffect(actor* _target, int _source, spell_type _spell,
-                             int _pow, int _fail, std::string _cause,
-                             nothing_happens_when_type _nothing_happens,
-                             int _lethality_margin, std::string _hand_str,
-                             bool _can_plural) :
-    target(_target), source(_source), cause(_cause), spell(_spell),
-    school(SPTYP_NONE), pow(_pow), fail(_fail), level(-1), kc(KC_NCATEGORIES),
-    kt(KILL_NONE), mon_target(NULL), mon_source(NULL),
-    nothing_happens_when(_nothing_happens),
-    lethality_margin(_lethality_margin),
-    hand_str(_hand_str), can_plural_hand(_can_plural)
-{
-    ASSERT(is_valid_spell(_spell));
-    unsigned int schools = get_spell_disciplines(_spell);
-    ASSERT(schools != SPTYP_NONE);
-    ASSERT(!(schools & SPTYP_HOLY));
-    UNUSED(schools);
-
-    init();
-    do_miscast();
-}
-
-MiscastEffect::MiscastEffect(actor* _target, int _source,
-                             spschool_flag_type _school, int _level,
-                             std::string _cause,
-                             nothing_happens_when_type _nothing_happens,
-                             int _lethality_margin, std::string _hand_str,
-                             bool _can_plural) :
-    target(_target), source(_source), cause(_cause), spell(SPELL_NO_SPELL),
-    school(_school), pow(-1), fail(-1), level(_level), kc(KC_NCATEGORIES),
-    kt(KILL_NONE), mon_target(NULL), mon_source(NULL),
-    nothing_happens_when(_nothing_happens),
-    lethality_margin(_lethality_margin),
-    hand_str(_hand_str), can_plural_hand(_can_plural)
-{
-    ASSERT(!_cause.empty());
-    ASSERT(count_bits(_school) == 1);
-    ASSERT(_school < SPTYP_HOLY || _school == SPTYP_RANDOM);
-    ASSERT(level >= 0 && level <= 3);
-
-    init();
-    do_miscast();
-}
-
-MiscastEffect::MiscastEffect(actor* _target, int _source,
-                             spschool_flag_type _school, int _pow, int _fail,
-                             std::string _cause,
-                             nothing_happens_when_type _nothing_happens,
-                             int _lethality_margin, std::string _hand_str,
-                             bool _can_plural) :
-    target(_target), source(_source), cause(_cause), spell(SPELL_NO_SPELL),
-    school(_school), pow(_pow), fail(_fail), level(-1), kc(KC_NCATEGORIES),
-    kt(KILL_NONE), mon_target(NULL), mon_source(NULL),
-    nothing_happens_when(_nothing_happens),
-    lethality_margin(_lethality_margin),
-    hand_str(_hand_str), can_plural_hand(_can_plural)
-{
-    ASSERT(!_cause.empty());
-    ASSERT(count_bits(_school) == 1);
-    ASSERT(_school < SPTYP_HOLY || _school == SPTYP_RANDOM);
-
-    init();
-    do_miscast();
-}
-
-MiscastEffect::~MiscastEffect()
-{
-    ASSERT(recursion_depth == 0);
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::init()
-{
-    ASSERT(spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL && school == SPTYP_NONE
-           || spell == SPELL_NO_SPELL && school != SPTYP_NONE);
-    ASSERT(pow != -1 && fail != -1 && level == -1
-           || pow == -1 && fail == -1 && level >= 0 && level <= 3);
-
-    ASSERT(target != NULL);
-    ASSERT(target->alive());
-
-    ASSERT(lethality_margin == 0 || target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER);
-
-    recursion_depth = 0;
-
-    source_known = target_known = false;
-
-    mon_target = mon_source = NULL;
-    act_source = NULL;
-
-    const bool death_curse = (cause.find("death curse") != std::string::npos);
-
-    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
-    {
-        mon_target   = dynamic_cast<monsters*>(target);
-        target_known = you.can_see(target);
-    }
-    else
-        target_known = true;
-
-    kill_source = source;
-    if (source == WIELD_MISCAST || source == MELEE_MISCAST)
-    {
-        if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
-        {
-            mon_source  = dynamic_cast<monsters*>(target);
-            kill_source = target->mindex();
-        }
-        else
-            kill_source = NON_MONSTER;
-    }
-
-    if (kill_source == NON_MONSTER)
-    {
-        kc           = KC_YOU;
-        kt           = KILL_YOU_MISSILE;
-        act_source   = &you;
-        source_known = true;
-    }
-    else if (!invalid_monster_index(kill_source))
-    {
-        mon_source = &menv[kill_source];
-        act_source = mon_source;
-        ASSERT(mon_source->type != -1);
-
-        if (death_curse && target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER
-            && mon_target->confused_by_you())
-        {
-            kt = KILL_YOU_CONF;
-        }
-        else if (!death_curse && mon_source->confused_by_you()
-                 && !mons_friendly(mon_source))
-        {
-            kt = KILL_YOU_CONF;
-        }
-        else
-            kt = KILL_MON_MISSILE;
-
-        if (mons_friendly(mon_source))
-            kc = KC_FRIENDLY;
-        else
-            kc = KC_OTHER;
-
-        source_known = you.can_see(mon_source);
-
-        if (target_known && death_curse)
-            source_known = true;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        ASSERT(source == ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST
-               || source == MISC_KNOWN_MISCAST
-               || source == MISC_UNKNOWN_MISCAST
-               || (source < 0 && -source < NUM_GODS));
-
-        act_source = target;
-
-        kc = KC_OTHER;
-        kt = KILL_MISC;
-
-        if (source == ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST)
-        {
-            source_known = target_known;
-
-            if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER
-                && mon_target->confused_by_you())
-            {
-                kt = KILL_YOU_CONF;
-            }
-        }
-        else if (source == MISC_KNOWN_MISCAST)
-            source_known = true;
-        else if (source == MISC_UNKNOWN_MISCAST)
-            source_known = false;
-        else
-            source_known = true;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT(kc != KC_NCATEGORIES && kt != KILL_NONE);
-
-    if (death_curse && !invalid_monster_index(kill_source))
-    {
-        if (starts_with(cause, "a "))
-            cause.replace(cause.begin(), cause.begin() + 1, "an indirect");
-        else if (starts_with(cause, "an "))
-            cause.replace(cause.begin(), cause.begin() + 2, "an indirect");
-        else
-            cause = replace_all(cause, "death curse", "indirect death curse");
-   }
-
-    // source_known = false for MELEE_MISCAST so that melee miscasts
-    // won't give a "nothing happens" message.
-    if (source == MELEE_MISCAST)
-        source_known = false;
-
-    if (hand_str.empty())
-        target->hand_name(true, &can_plural_hand);
-
-    // Explosion stuff.
-    beam.is_explosion = true;
-
-    if (cause.empty())
-        cause = get_default_cause();
-    beam.aux_source  = cause;
-    beam.beam_source = kill_source;
-    beam.thrower     = kt;
-}
-
-std::string MiscastEffect::get_default_cause()
-{
-    // This is only for true miscasts, which means both a spell and that
-    // the source of the miscast is the same as the target of the miscast.
-    ASSERT(source >= 0 && source <= NON_MONSTER);
-    ASSERT(spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL);
-    ASSERT(school == SPTYP_NONE);
-
-    if (source == NON_MONSTER)
-    {
-        ASSERT(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER);
-        std::string str = "your miscasting ";
-        str += spell_title(spell);
-        return str;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT(mon_source != NULL);
-    ASSERT(mon_source == mon_target);
-
-    if (you.can_see(mon_source))
-    {
-        return apostrophise(mon_source->base_name(DESC_PLAIN))
-            + " spell miscasting";
-    }
-    else
-        return "something's spell miscasting";
-}
-
-bool MiscastEffect::neither_end_silenced()
-{
-    return (!silenced(you.pos()) && !silenced(target->pos()));
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::do_miscast()
-{
-    ASSERT(recursion_depth >= 0 && recursion_depth < MAX_RECURSE);
-
-    if (recursion_depth == 0)
-        did_msg = false;
-
-    unwind_var<int> unwind_depth(recursion_depth);
-    recursion_depth++;
-
-    // Repeated calls to do_miscast() on a single object instance have
-    // killed a target which was alive when the object was created.
-    if (!target->alive())
-    {
-#ifdef DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS
-        mprf(MSGCH_DIAGNOSTICS, "Miscast target '%s' already dead",
-             target->name(DESC_PLAIN, true).c_str());
-#endif
-        return;
-    }
-
-    spschool_flag_type sp_type;
-    int                severity;
-
-    if (spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL)
-    {
-        std::vector<int> school_list;
-        for (int i = 0; i < SPTYP_LAST_EXPONENT; i++)
-            if (spell_typematch(spell, 1 << i))
-                school_list.push_back(i);
-
-        unsigned int _school = school_list[random2(school_list.size())];
-        sp_type = static_cast<spschool_flag_type>(1 << _school);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        sp_type = school;
-        if (sp_type == SPTYP_RANDOM)
-        {
-            int exp = (random2(SPTYP_LAST_EXPONENT));
-            sp_type = (spschool_flag_type) (1 << exp);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (level != -1)
-        severity = level;
-    else
-    {
-        severity = (pow * fail * (10 + pow) / 7 * WILD_MAGIC_NASTINESS) / 100;
-
-#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
-        mprf(MSGCH_DIAGNOSTICS, "'%s' miscast power: %d",
-             spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL ? spell_title(spell)
-                                     : spelltype_short_name(sp_type),
-             severity);
-#endif
-
-        if (random2(40) > severity && random2(40) > severity)
-        {
-            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
-            return;
-        }
-
-        severity /= 100;
-        severity = random2(severity);
-        if (severity > 3)
-            severity = 3;
-        else if (severity < 0)
-            severity = 0;
-    }
-
-#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
-    mprf(MSGCH_DIAGNOSTICS, "Sptype: %s, severity: %d",
-         spelltype_short_name(sp_type), severity );
-#endif
-
-    beam.ex_size            = 1;
-    beam.name               = "";
-    beam.damage             = dice_def(0, 0);
-    beam.flavour            = BEAM_NONE;
-    beam.msg_generated      = false;
-    beam.in_explosion_phase = false;
-
-    // Do this here since multiple miscasts (wizmode testing) might move
-    // the target around.
-    beam.source = target->pos();
-    beam.target = target->pos();
-    beam.use_target_as_pos = true;
-
-    all_msg = you_msg = mon_msg = mon_msg_seen = mon_msg_unseen = "";
-    msg_ch  = MSGCH_PLAIN;
-
-    switch (sp_type)
-    {
-    case SPTYP_CONJURATION:    _conjuration(severity);    break;
-    case SPTYP_ENCHANTMENT:    _enchantment(severity);    break;
-    case SPTYP_TRANSLOCATION:  _translocation(severity);  break;
-    case SPTYP_SUMMONING:      _summoning(severity);      break;
-    case SPTYP_NECROMANCY:     _necromancy(severity);     break;
-    case SPTYP_TRANSMUTATION:  _transmutation(severity); break;
-    case SPTYP_FIRE:           _fire(severity);           break;
-    case SPTYP_ICE:            _ice(severity);            break;
-    case SPTYP_EARTH:          _earth(severity);          break;
-    case SPTYP_AIR:            _air(severity);            break;
-    case SPTYP_POISON:         _poison(severity);         break;
-    case SPTYP_DIVINATION:
-        // Divination miscasts have nothing in common between the player
-        // and monsters.
-        if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-            _divination_you(severity);
-        else
-            _divination_mon(severity);
-        break;
-
-    default:
-        DEBUGSTR("Invalid miscast spell discipline.");
-    }
-
-    if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-        xom_is_stimulated(severity * 50);
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::do_msg(bool suppress_nothing_happnes)
-{
-    ASSERT(!did_msg);
-
-    if (mon_target != NULL && !mons_near(mon_target))
-        return;
-
-    did_msg = true;
-
-    std::string msg;
-
-    if (!all_msg.empty())
-        msg = all_msg;
-    else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-        msg = you_msg;
-    else if (!mon_msg.empty())
-    {
-        msg = mon_msg;
-        // Monster might be unseen with hands that can't be seen.
-        ASSERT(msg.find("@hand") == std::string::npos);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        if (you.can_see(target))
-            msg = mon_msg_seen;
-        else
-        {
-            msg = mon_msg_unseen;
-            // Can't see the hands of invisible monsters.
-            ASSERT(msg.find("@hand") == std::string::npos);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (msg.empty())
-    {
-        if (!suppress_nothing_happnes
-            && (nothing_happens_when == NH_ALWAYS
-                || (nothing_happens_when == NH_DEFAULT && source_known
-                    && target_known)))
-        {
-            canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
-        }
-
-        return;
-    }
-
-    bool plural;
-
-    if (hand_str.empty())
-    {
-        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hand@",  target->hand_name(false, &plural));
-        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hands@", target->hand_name(true));
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        plural = can_plural_hand;
-        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hand@",  hand_str);
-        if (can_plural_hand)
-            msg = replace_all(msg, "@hands@", pluralise(hand_str));
-        else
-            msg = replace_all(msg, "@hands@", hand_str);
-    }
-
-    if (plural)
-        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hand_conj@", "");
-    else
-        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hand_conj@", "s");
-
-    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
-        msg = do_mon_str_replacements(msg, mon_target, S_SILENT);
-
-    mpr(msg.c_str(), msg_ch);
-}
-
-bool MiscastEffect::_ouch(int dam, beam_type flavour)
-{
-    // Delay do_msg() until after avoid_lethal().
-    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
-    {
-        do_msg(true);
-
-        bolt beem;
-
-        beem.flavour = flavour;
-        dam = mons_adjust_flavoured(mon_target, beem, dam, true);
-        mon_target->hurt(NULL, dam, BEAM_MISSILE, false);
-
-        if (!mon_target->alive())
-            monster_die(mon_target, kt, kill_source);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        dam = check_your_resists(dam, flavour);
-
-        if (avoid_lethal(dam))
-            return (false);
-
-        do_msg(true);
-
-        kill_method_type method;
-
-        if (source == NON_MONSTER && spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL)
-            method = KILLED_BY_WILD_MAGIC;
-        else if (source == ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST)
-            method = KILLED_BY_TRAP;
-        else if (source < 0 && -source < NUM_GODS)
-        {
-            god_type god = static_cast<god_type>(-source);
-
-            if (god == GOD_XOM && you.penance[GOD_XOM] == 0)
-                method = KILLED_BY_XOM;
-            else
-                method = KILLED_BY_DIVINE_WRATH;
-        }
-        else if (!invalid_monster_index(source))
-            method = KILLED_BY_MONSTER;
-        else
-            method = KILLED_BY_SOMETHING;
-
-        bool see_source = mon_source ? you.can_see(mon_source) : false;
-        ouch(dam, kill_source, method, cause.c_str(), see_source);
-    }
-
-    return (true);
-}
-
-bool MiscastEffect::_explosion()
-{
-    ASSERT(!beam.name.empty());
-    ASSERT(beam.damage.num != 0 && beam.damage.size != 0);
-    ASSERT(beam.flavour != BEAM_NONE);
-
-    int max_dam = beam.damage.num * beam.damage.size;
-    max_dam = check_your_resists(max_dam, beam.flavour);
-    if (avoid_lethal(max_dam))
-        return (false);
-
-    do_msg(true);
-    beam.explode();
-
-    return (true);
-}
-
-bool MiscastEffect::_lose_stat(unsigned char which_stat,
-                               unsigned char stat_loss)
-{
-    if (lethality_margin <= 0)
-        return lose_stat(which_stat, stat_loss, false, cause);
-
-    if (which_stat == STAT_RANDOM)
-    {
-        const int might = you.duration[DUR_MIGHT] ? 5 : 0;
-
-        std::vector<unsigned char> stat_types;
-        if ((you.strength - might - stat_loss) > 0)
-            stat_types.push_back(STAT_STRENGTH);
-        if ((you.intel - stat_loss) > 0)
-            stat_types.push_back(STAT_INTELLIGENCE);
-        if ((you.dex - stat_loss) > 0)
-            stat_types.push_back(STAT_DEXTERITY);
-
-        if (stat_types.size() == 0)
-        {
-            if (avoid_lethal(you.hp))
-                return (false);
-            else
-                return lose_stat(which_stat, stat_loss, false, cause);
-        }
-
-        which_stat = stat_types[random2(stat_types.size())];
-    }
-
-    int val;
-
-    switch(which_stat)
-    {
-        case STAT_STRENGTH: val = you.strength; break;
-        case STAT_INTELLIGENCE: val = you.intel; break;
-        case STAT_DEXTERITY: val = you.dex; break;
-
-        default: DEBUGSTR("Invalid stat type."); return (false);
-    }
-
-    if ((val - stat_loss) <= 0)
-    {
-        if (avoid_lethal(you.hp))
-            return (false);
-    }
-
-    return lose_stat(which_stat, stat_loss, false, cause);
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_potion_effect(int pot_eff, int pot_pow)
-{
-    if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-    {
-        potion_effect(static_cast<potion_type>(pot_eff), pot_pow, false);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    switch (pot_eff)
-    {
-        case POT_LEVITATION:
-            // There's no levitation enchantment for monsters, and,
-            // anyway, it's not nearly as inconvenient for monsters as
-            // for the player, so backlight them instead.
-            mon_target->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_BACKLIGHT, pot_pow, kc));
-            break;
-        case POT_BERSERK_RAGE:
-            if (target->can_go_berserk())
-            {
-                target->go_berserk(false);
-                break;
-            }
-            // Intentional fallthrough if that didn't work.
-        case POT_SLOWING:
-            target->slow_down(act_source, pot_pow);
-            break;
-        case POT_PARALYSIS:
-            target->paralyse(act_source, pot_pow);
-            break;
-        case POT_CONFUSION:
-            target->confuse(act_source, pot_pow);
-            break;
-
-        default:
-            ASSERT(false);
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::send_abyss()
-{
-    if (you.level_type == LEVEL_ABYSS)
-    {
-        you_msg        = "The world appears momentarily distorted.";
-        mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ wobbles for a moment.";
-        mon_msg_unseen = "An empty piece of space momentarily distorts.";
-        do_msg();
-        return;
-    }
-
-    target->banish(cause);
-}
-
-bool MiscastEffect::avoid_lethal(int dam)
-{
-    if (lethality_margin <= 0 || (you.hp - dam) > lethality_margin)
-        return (false);
-
-    if (recursion_depth == MAX_RECURSE)
-    {
-#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
-        mpr("Couldn't avoid lethal miscast: too much recursion.",
-            MSGCH_ERROR);
-#endif
-        return (false);
-    }
-
-    if (did_msg)
-    {
-#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
-        mpr("Couldn't avoid lethal miscast: already printed message for this "
-            "miscast.", MSGCH_ERROR);
-#endif
-        return (false);
-    }
-
-#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
-    mpr("Avoided lethal miscast.", MSGCH_DIAGNOSTICS);
-#endif
-
-    do_miscast();
-
-    return (true);
-}
-
-bool MiscastEffect::_create_monster(monster_type what, int abj_deg,
-                                    bool alert)
-{
-    const god_type god =
-        (crawl_state.is_god_acting()) ? crawl_state.which_god_acting()
-                                      : GOD_NO_GOD;
-
-    mgen_data data = mgen_data::hostile_at(what, target->pos(),
-                                           abj_deg, 0, alert, god);
-
-    // hostile_at() assumes the monster is hostile to the player,
-    // but should be hostile to the target monster unless the miscast
-    // is a result of either divine wrath or a Zot trap.
-    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER && you.penance[god] == 0
-        && source != ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST)
-    {
-        switch (mon_target->temp_attitude())
-        {
-            case ATT_FRIENDLY:     data.behaviour = BEH_HOSTILE; break;
-            case ATT_HOSTILE:      data.behaviour = BEH_FRIENDLY; break;
-            case ATT_GOOD_NEUTRAL:
-            case ATT_NEUTRAL:
-                data.behaviour = BEH_NEUTRAL;
-            break;
-        }
-
-        if (alert)
-            data.foe = monster_index(mon_target);
-
-        // No permanent allies from miscasts.
-        if (data.behaviour == BEH_FRIENDLY && abj_deg == 0)
-            data.abjuration_duration = 6;
-    }
-
-    // If data.abjuration_duration == 0, then data.summon_type will
-    // simply be ignored.
-    if (data.abjuration_duration != 0)
-    {
-        if (you.penance[god] > 0)
-            data.summon_type = MON_SUMM_WRATH;
-        else if (source == ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST)
-            data.summon_type = MON_SUMM_ZOT;
-        else
-            data.summon_type = MON_SUMM_MISCAST;
-    }
-
-    return (create_monster(data) != -1);
-}
-
-static bool _has_hair(actor* target)
-{
-    // Don't bother for monsters.
-    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
-        return (false);
-
-    return (!transform_changed_physiology() && you.species != SP_GHOUL
-            && you.species != SP_KENKU && !player_genus(GENPC_DRACONIAN));
-}
-
-static std::string _hair_str(actor* target, bool &plural)
-{
-    ASSERT(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER);
-
-    if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
-    {
-        plural = true;
-        return "bandages";
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        plural = false;
-        return "hair";
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_conjuration(int severity)
-{
-    int num;
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-        num = 10 + (_has_hair(target) ? 1 : 0);
-        switch (random2(num))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "Sparks fly from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Sparks fly from @the_monster@'s @hands@!";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "The air around you crackles with energy!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "The air around @the_monster@ crackles "
-                           "with energy!";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg      = "Wisps of smoke drift from your @hands@.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Wisps of smoke drift from @the_monster@'s "
-                           "@hands@.";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg      = "You are momentarily dazzled by a flash of light!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ emits a flash of light!";
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
-                           " for a moment.";
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg      = "Your skin tingles.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ twitches.";
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg      = "Your skin glows momentarily.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows momentarily.";
-            // A small glow isn't going to make it past invisibility.
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            if (player_can_smell())
-                all_msg = "You smell something strange.";
-            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
-                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
-            break;
-        case 10:
-        {
-            // Player only (for now).
-            bool plural;
-            std::string hair = _hair_str(target, plural);
-            you_msg = make_stringf("Your %s stand%s on end.", hair.c_str(),
-                                   plural ? "" : "s");
-        }
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg        = "Smoke pours from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Smoke pours from @the_monster@'s @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Smoke appears from out of nowhere!";
-
-            do_msg();
-            big_cloud(CLOUD_GREY_SMOKE, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20,
-                      7 + random2(7));
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "A wave of violent energy washes through your body!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ lurches violently!";
-            _ouch(6 + random2avg(7, 2));
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "Energy rips through your body!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ jerks violently!";
-            _ouch(9 + random2avg(17, 2));
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in a violent explosion!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a violent explosion!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A violent explosion happens from out of thin "
-                             "air!";
-
-            beam.flavour = BEAM_MISSILE;
-            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 12);
-            beam.name    = "explosion";
-            beam.colour  = random_colour();
-
-            _explosion();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // considerably less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "You are blasted with magical energy!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is blasted with magical energy!";
-            // No message for invis monsters?
-            _ouch(12 + random2avg(29, 2));
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            all_msg = "There is a sudden explosion of magical energy!";
-
-            beam.flavour = BEAM_MISSILE;
-            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
-            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 20);
-            beam.name    = "explosion";
-            beam.colour  = random_colour();
-            beam.ex_size = coinflip() ? 1 : 2;
-
-            _explosion();
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-static void _your_hands_glow(actor* target, std::string& you_msg,
-                             std::string& mon_msg_seen, bool pluralize)
-{
-    you_msg      = "Your @hands@ ";
-    mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s @hands@ ";
-    // No message for invisible monsters.
-
-    if (pluralize)
-    {
-       you_msg      += "glow";
-       mon_msg_seen += "glow";
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        you_msg      += "glows";
-        mon_msg_seen += "glows";
-    }
-    you_msg      += " momentarily.";
-    mon_msg_seen += " momentarily.";
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_enchantment(int severity)
-{
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // harmless messages only
-        switch (random2(10))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            _your_hands_glow(target, you_msg, mon_msg_seen, can_plural_hand);
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "The air around you crackles with energy!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "The air around @the_monster@ crackles with"
-                           " energy!";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg        = "Multicoloured lights dance before your eyes!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Multicoloured lights dance around @the_monster@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Multicoloured lights dance in the air!";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg      = "Waves of light ripple over your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Waves of light ripple over @the_monster@'s body.";
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
-                           " for a moment.";
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg      = "Your skin tingles.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ twitches.";
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg      = "Your skin glows momentarily.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s body glows momentarily.";
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                // XXX: Should use noisy().
-                all_msg = "You hear something strange.";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-                return;
-            }
-            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER
-                     && you.attribute[ATTR_TRANSFORMATION] != TRAN_AIR)
-            {
-                you_msg = "Your skull vibrates slightly.";
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // slightly annoying
-        switch (random2(crawl_state.arena ? 1 : 2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            _potion_effect(POT_LEVITATION, 20);
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            // XXX: Something else for monsters?
-            random_uselessness();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // much more annoying
-        switch (random2(7))
-        {
-        case 0:
-        case 1:
-        case 2:
-            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-            {
-                mpr("You sense a malignant aura.");
-                curse_an_item(false);
-                break;
-            }
-            // Intentional fall-through for monsters.
-        case 3:
-        case 4:
-        case 5:
-            _potion_effect(POT_SLOWING, 10);
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            _potion_effect(POT_BERSERK_RAGE, 10);
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // potentially lethal
-        // Only use first two cases for monsters.
-        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 4 : 2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            _potion_effect(POT_PARALYSIS, 10);
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            _potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 10);
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            mpr("You feel saturated with unharnessed energies!");
-            you.magic_contamination += random2avg(19, 3);
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            do
-                curse_an_item(false);
-            while (!one_chance_in(3));
-            mpr("You sense an overwhelmingly malignant aura!");
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_translocation(int severity)
-{
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // harmless messages only
-        switch (random2(10))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "Space warps around you.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Space warps around @the_monster@.";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "The air around you crackles with energy!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "The air around @the_monster@ crackles with "
-                           "energy!";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg      = "You feel a wrenching sensation.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The monster@ jerks violently for a moment.";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg      = "You spin around.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ spins around.";
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
-                           " for a moment.";
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg      = "Your skin tingles.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ twitches.";
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg      = "The world appears momentarily distorted!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ appears momentarily distorted!";
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            you_msg = "You feel uncomfortable.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ grimaces.";
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // mostly harmless
-        switch (random2(6))
-        {
-        case 0:
-        case 1:
-        case 2:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in a localised field of spatial "
-                             "distortion.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a localised field of "
-                             "spatial distortion.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A piece of empty space twists and distorts.";
-            _ouch(4 + random2avg(9, 2));
-            break;
-        case 3:
-        case 4:
-            you_msg        = "Space bends around you!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Space bends around @the_monster@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A piece of empty space twists and distorts.";
-            if (_ouch(4 + random2avg(7, 2)) && target->alive())
-                target->blink(false);
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            if (_create_monster(MONS_SPATIAL_VORTEX, 3))
-                all_msg = "Space twists in upon itself!";
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // less harmless
-        switch (random2(7))
-        {
-        case 0:
-        case 1:
-        case 2:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in a strong localised spatial "
-                             "distortion.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a strong localised "
-                             "spatial distortion.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A piece of empty space twists and writhes.";
-            _ouch(9 + random2avg(23, 2));
-            break;
-        case 3:
-        case 4:
-            you_msg        = "Space warps around you!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Space warps around @the_monster!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A piece of empty space twists and writhes.";
-            if (_ouch(5 + random2avg(9, 2)) && target->alive())
-            {
-                if (one_chance_in(3))
-                    target->teleport(true);
-                else
-                    target->blink(false);
-                _potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 40);
-            }
-            break;
-        case 5:
-        {
-            bool success = false;
-
-            for (int i = 1 + random2(3); i >= 0; --i)
-            {
-                if (_create_monster(MONS_SPATIAL_VORTEX, 3))
-                    success = true;
-            }
-
-            if (success)
-                all_msg = "Space twists in upon itself!";
-            break;
-        }
-        case 6:
-            send_abyss();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // much less harmless
-        // Don't use the last case for monsters.
-        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 4 : 3))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in an extremely strong localised "
-                             "spatial distortion!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in an extremely strong "
-                             "localised spatial distortion!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A rift temporarily opens in the fabric of space!";
-            _ouch(15 + random2avg(29, 2));
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "Space warps crazily around you!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Space warps crazily around @the_monster@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A rift temporarily opens in the fabric of space!";
-            if (_ouch(9 + random2avg(17, 2)) && target->alive())
-            {
-                target->teleport(true);
-                _potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 60);
-            }
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            send_abyss();
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            mpr("You feel saturated with unharnessed energies!");
-            you.magic_contamination += random2avg(19, 3);
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_summoning(int severity)
-{
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // harmless messages only
-        switch (random2(10))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "Shadowy shapes form in the air around you, "
-                           "then vanish.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Shadowy shapes form in the air around "
-                           "@the_monster@, then vanish.";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                all_msg = "You hear strange voices.";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                you_msg = "You feel momentarily dizzy.";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg = "Your head hurts.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg = "Your brain hurts!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
-                           " for a moment.";
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg      = "The world appears momentarily distorted.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ appears momentarily distorted.";
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg      = "Space warps around you.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Space warps around @the_monster@.";
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                you_msg      = "Distant voices call out to you!";
-                mon_msg_seen = "Distant voices call out to @the_monster@!";
-                msg_ch       = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                you_msg = "You feel watched.";
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // a little bad
-        switch (random2(6))
-        {
-        case 0:             // identical to translocation
-        case 1:
-        case 2:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in a localised spatial "
-                             "distortion.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a localised spatial "
-                             "distortion.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "An empty piece of space distorts and twists.";
-            _ouch(5 + random2avg(9, 2));
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            if (_create_monster(MONS_SPATIAL_VORTEX, 3))
-                all_msg = "Space twists in upon itself!";
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        case 4:
-        case 5:
-            if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_LESSER), 5, true))
-                all_msg = "Something appears in a flash of light!";
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // more bad
-        switch (random2(6))
-        {
-        case 0:
-        {
-            bool success = false;
-
-            for (int i = 1 + random2(3); i >= 0; --i)
-            {
-                if (_create_monster(MONS_SPATIAL_VORTEX, 3))
-                    success = true;
-            }
-
-            if (success)
-                all_msg = "Space twists in upon itself!";
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        }
-
-        case 1:
-        case 2:
-            if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_COMMON), 5, true))
-                all_msg = "Something forms from out of thin air!";
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-
-        case 3:
-        case 4:
-        case 5:
-        {
-            bool success = false;
-
-            for (int i = 1 + random2(2); i >= 0; --i)
-            {
-                if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_LESSER), 5, true))
-                    success = true;
-            }
-
-            if (success && neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                you_msg = "A chorus of chattering voices calls out to you!";
-                mon_msg = "A chorus of chattering voices calls out!";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        }
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // more bad
-        switch (random2(4))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            if (_create_monster(MONS_ABOMINATION_SMALL, 0, true))
-                all_msg = "Something forms from out of thin air.";
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-
-        case 1:
-            if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_GREATER), 0, true))
-                all_msg = "You sense a hostile presence.";
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-
-        case 2:
-        {
-            bool success = false;
-
-            for (int i = 1 + random2(2); i >= 0; --i)
-            {
-                if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_COMMON), 3, true))
-                    success = true;
-            }
-
-            if (success)
-            {
-                you_msg = "Something turns its malign attention towards "
-                          "you...";
-                mon_msg = "You sense a malign presence.";
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        }
-
-        case 3:
-            send_abyss();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_divination_you(int severity)
-{
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-        switch (random2(10))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            mpr("Weird images run through your mind.");
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            if (!silenced(you.pos()))
-                mpr("You hear strange voices.", MSGCH_SOUND);
-            else
-                mpr("Your nose twitches.");
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            mpr("Your head hurts.");
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            mpr("You feel a strange surge of energy!");
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            mpr("Your brain hurts!");
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            mpr("Strange energies run through your body.");
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            mpr("Everything looks hazy for a moment.");
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            mpr("You seem to have forgotten something, but you can't remember what it was!");
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            mpr("You feel uncomfortable.");
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // more annoying things
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            mpr("You feel slightly disoriented.");
-            forget_map(10 + random2(10));
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 10);
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // even more annoying things
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            if (you.is_undead)
-                mpr("You suddenly recall your previous life!");
-            else if (_lose_stat(STAT_INTELLIGENCE, 1 + random2(3)))
-            {
-                mpr("You have damaged your brain!");
-            }
-            else if (!did_msg)
-                mpr("You have a terrible headache.");
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            mpr("You feel lost.");
-            forget_map(40 + random2(40));
-            break;
-        }
-
-        potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 1);  // common to all cases here {dlb}
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // nasty
-        switch (random2(3))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            mpr(forget_spell() ? "You have forgotten a spell!"
-                               : "You get a splitting headache.");
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            mpr("You feel completely lost.");
-            forget_map(100);
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            if (you.is_undead)
-                mpr("You suddenly recall your previous life.");
-            else if (_lose_stat(STAT_INTELLIGENCE, 3 + random2(3)))
-            {
-                mpr("You have damaged your brain!");
-            }
-            else if (!did_msg)
-                mpr("You have a terrible headache.");
-            break;
-        }
-
-        potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 1);  // common to all cases here {dlb}
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-// XXX: Monster divination miscasts.
-void MiscastEffect::_divination_mon(int severity)
-{
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-        mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ looks momentarily confused.";
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // more annoying things
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ looks slightly disoriented.";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            mon_target->confuse(
-                act_source,
-                1 + random2(3 + act_source->get_experience_level()));
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // even more annoying things
-        mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ shudders.";
-        mon_target->confuse(
-            act_source,
-            5 + random2(3 + act_source->get_experience_level()));
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // nasty
-        mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ reels.";
-        if (one_chance_in(7))
-            mon_target->forget_random_spell();
-        mon_target->confuse(
-            act_source,
-            8 + random2(3 + act_source->get_experience_level()));
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_necromancy(int severity)
-{
-    if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER && you.religion == GOD_KIKUBAAQUDGHA
-        && !player_under_penance() && you.piety >= piety_breakpoint(1)
-        && x_chance_in_y(you.piety, 150))
-    {
-        canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:
-        switch (random2(10))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            if (player_can_smell())
-                all_msg = "You smell decay.";
-            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
-                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                all_msg = "You hear strange and distant voices.";
-                msg_ch  =  MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                you_msg = "You feel homesick.";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg = "Pain shoots through your body.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "Your bones ache.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg      = "The world around you seems to dim momentarily.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ seems to dim momentarily.";
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
-                           " for a moment.";
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg      = "You shiver with cold.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ shivers with cold.";
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg = "You sense a malignant aura.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            you_msg      = "You feel very uncomfortable.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ grimaces horribly.";
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // a bit nasty
-        switch (random2(3))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            if (target->res_torment())
-            {
-                you_msg      = "You feel weird for a moment.";
-                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ has an odd expression for a "
-                               "moment.";
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                you_msg      = "Pain shoots through your body!";
-                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ convulses with pain!";
-                _ouch(5 + random2avg(15, 2));
-            }
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "You feel horribly lethargic.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ looks incredibly listless.";
-            _potion_effect(POT_SLOWING, 15);
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            if (target->res_rotting() == 0)
-            {
-                if (player_can_smell())
-                {
-                    // identical to a harmless message
-                    all_msg = "You smell decay.";
-                }
-
-                if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                    you.rotting++;
-                else
-                    mon_target->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_ROT, 1, kc));
-            }
-            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
-            {
-                // Monster messages needed.
-                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-        if (!did_msg)
-            do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // much nastier
-        switch (random2(3))
-        {
-        case 0:
-        {
-            bool success = false;
-
-            for (int i = random2(3); i >= 0; --i)
-            {
-                if (_create_monster(MONS_SHADOW, 2, true))
-                    success = true;
-            }
-
-            if (success)
-            {
-                you_msg        = "Flickering shadows surround you.";
-                mon_msg_seen   = "Flickering shadows surround @the_monster@.";
-                mon_msg_unseen = "Shadows flicker in the thin air.";
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        }
-
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "You are engulfed in negative energy!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is engulfed in negative energy!";
-            do_msg();
-
-            if (lethality_margin == 0 || you.experience > 0
-                || !avoid_lethal(you.hp))
-            {
-                if (one_chance_in(3))
-                {
-                    target->drain_exp(act_source);
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-            // If draining failed, just flow through...
-
-        case 2:
-            if (target->res_torment())
-            {
-                you_msg      = "You feel weird for a moment.";
-                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ has an odd expression for a "
-                               "moment.";
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                you_msg      = "You convulse helplessly as pain tears through "
-                               "your body!";
-                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ convulses helplessly with pain!";
-                _ouch(15 + random2avg(23, 2));
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // even nastier
-        // Don't use last case for monsters.
-        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 6 : 5))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            if (target->holiness() == MH_UNDEAD)
-            {
-                you_msg      = "Something just walked over your grave. No, "
-                               "really!";
-                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ seems frightened for a moment.";
-                do_msg();
-            }
-            else
-                torment_monsters(target->pos(), 0, TORMENT_GENERIC);
-            break;
-
-        case 1:
-            target->rot(act_source, random2avg(7, 2) + 1);
-            break;
-
-        case 2:
-            if (_create_monster(MONS_SOUL_EATER, 4, true))
-            {
-                you_msg        = "Something reaches out for you...";
-                mon_msg_seen   = "Something reaches out for @the_monster@...";
-                mon_msg_unseen = "Something reaches out from thin air...";
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-
-        case 3:
-            if (_create_monster(MONS_REAPER, 4, true))
-            {
-                you_msg        = "Death has come for you...";
-                mon_msg_seen   = "Death has come for @the_monster@...";
-                mon_msg_unseen = "Death appears from thin air...";
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-
-        case 4:
-            you_msg      = "You are engulfed in negative energy!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is engulfed in negative energy!";
-            do_msg();
-
-            if (lethality_margin == 0 || you.experience > 0
-                || !avoid_lethal(you.hp))
-            {
-                target->drain_exp(act_source);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            // If draining failed, just flow through if it's the player...
-            if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
-                break;
-
-        case 5:
-            _lose_stat(STAT_RANDOM, 1 + random2avg(7, 2));
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_transmutation(int severity)
-{
-    int num;
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-        num = 10 + (_has_hair(target) ? 1 : 0);
-        switch (random2(num))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            _your_hands_glow(target, you_msg, mon_msg_seen, can_plural_hand);
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "The air around you crackles with energy!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "The air around @the_monster@ crackles with "
-                             "energy!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "The thin air crackles with energy!";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg        = "Multicoloured lights dance before your eyes!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Multicoloured lights dance around @the_monster@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Multicoloured lights dance in the air!";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg        = "Waves of light ripple over your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Waves of light ripple over @the_monster@'s body.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Waves of light ripple in the air.";
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
-                           " for a moment.";
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg      = "Your skin tingles.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ twitches.";
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg      = "Your skin glows momentarily.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s body glows momentarily.";
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            if (player_can_smell())
-                all_msg = "You smell something strange.";
-            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
-                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
-            break;
-        case 10:
-        {
-            // Player only (for now).
-            bool plural;
-            std::string hair = _hair_str(target, plural);
-            you_msg = make_stringf("Your %s momentarily turn%s into snakes!",
-                                   hair.c_str(), plural ? "" : "s");
-        }
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // slightly annoying
-        switch (random2(crawl_state.arena ? 1 : 2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "Your body is twisted painfully.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s body twists unnaturally.";
-            _ouch(1 + random2avg(11, 2));
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            random_uselessness();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // much more annoying
-        // Last case for players only.
-        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 4 : 3))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "Your body is twisted very painfully!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s body twists and writhes.";
-            _ouch(3 + random2avg(23, 2));
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            _potion_effect(POT_PARALYSIS, 10);
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            _potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 10);
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            mpr("You feel saturated with unharnessed energies!");
-            you.magic_contamination += random2avg(19, 3);
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // even nastier
-        if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
-            target->mutate(); // Polymorph the monster, if possible.
-
-        switch (random2(3))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg = "Your body is flooded with distortional energies!";
-            mon_msg = "@The_monster@'s body is flooded with distortional "
-                      "energies!";
-            if (_ouch(3 + random2avg(18, 2)) && target->alive())
-            {
-                if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                    you.magic_contamination += random2avg(35, 3);
-            }
-            break;
-
-        case 1:
-            // HACK: Avoid lethality before deleting mutation, since
-            // afterwards a message would already have been given.
-            if (lethality_margin > 0
-                && (you.hp - lethality_margin) <= 27
-                && avoid_lethal(you.hp))
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-            {
-                you_msg = "You feel very strange.";
-                delete_mutation(RANDOM_MUTATION, true, false,
-                                lethality_margin > 0);
-            }
-            _ouch(5 + random2avg(23, 2));
-            break;
-
-        case 2:
-            // HACK: Avoid lethality before giving mutation, since
-            // afterwards a message would already have been given.
-            if (lethality_margin > 0
-                && (you.hp - lethality_margin) <= 27
-                && avoid_lethal(you.hp))
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-            {
-                you_msg = "Your body is distorted in a weirdly horrible way!";
-                const bool failMsg = !give_bad_mutation(true, false,
-                                                        lethality_margin > 0);
-                if (coinflip())
-                    give_bad_mutation(failMsg, false, lethality_margin > 0);
-            }
-            _ouch(5 + random2avg(23, 2));
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_fire(int severity)
-{
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-        switch (random2(10))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "Sparks fly from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Sparks fly from @the_monster@'s @hands@!";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "The air around you burns with energy!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "The air around @the_monster@ burns with energy!";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg      = "Wisps of smoke drift from your @hands@.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Wisps of smoke drift from @the_monster@'s @hands@.";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            if (player_can_smell())
-                all_msg = "You smell smoke.";
-            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
-                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg = "Heat runs through your body.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg = "You feel uncomfortably hot.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg      = "Lukewarm flames ripple over your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Dim flames ripple over @the_monster@'s body.";
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                all_msg = "You hear a sizzling sound.";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                you_msg = "You feel like you have heartburn.";
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg        = "Smoke pours from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Smoke pours from @the_monster@'s @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Smoke appears out of nowhere!";
-
-            do_msg();
-            big_cloud(random_smoke_type(), kc, kt, target->pos(), 20,
-                      7 + random2(7));
-            break;
-
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "Flames sear your flesh.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Flames sear @the_monster@.";
-            if (target->res_fire() < 0)
-            {
-                if (!_ouch(2 + random2avg(13, 2)))
-                    return;
-            }
-            else
-                do_msg();
-            if (target->alive())
-                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_FIRE, 3);
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg        = "You are blasted with fire.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is blasted with fire.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A flame briefly burns in thin air.";
-            if (_ouch(5 + random2avg(29, 2), BEAM_FIRE) && target->alive())
-                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_FIRE, 5);
-            break;
-
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in a fiery explosion!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a fiery explosion!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Fire explodes from out of thin air!";
-
-            beam.flavour = BEAM_FIRE;
-            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
-            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 14);
-            beam.name    = "explosion";
-            beam.colour  = RED;
-
-            _explosion();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // considerably less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(3))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg        = "You are blasted with searing flames!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is blasted with searing flames!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "A large flame burns hotly for a moment in the "
-                             "thin air.";
-            if (_ouch(9 + random2avg(33, 2), BEAM_FIRE) && target->alive())
-                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_FIRE, 10);
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            all_msg = "There is a sudden and violent explosion of flames!";
-
-            beam.flavour = BEAM_FIRE;
-            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
-            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 20);
-            beam.name    = "fireball";
-            beam.colour  = RED;
-            beam.ex_size = coinflip() ? 1 : 2;
-
-            _explosion();
-            break;
-
-        case 2:
-        {
-            you_msg      = "You are covered in liquid flames!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is covered in liquid flames!";
-            do_msg();
-
-            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                you.duration[DUR_LIQUID_FLAMES] += random2avg(7, 3) + 1;
-            else
-            {
-                mon_target->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_STICKY_FLAME,
-                    std::min(4, 1 + random2(mon_target->hit_dice) / 2), kc));
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_ice(int severity)
-{
-    const dungeon_feature_type feat = grd(target->pos());
-
-    const bool frostable_feat =
-        (feat == DNGN_FLOOR || grid_altar_god(feat) != GOD_NO_GOD
-         || grid_is_staircase(feat) || grid_is_water(feat));
-
-    const std::string feat_name = (feat == DNGN_FLOOR ? "the " : "") +
-        feature_description(target->pos(), false, DESC_NOCAP_THE);
-
-    int num;
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-        num = 10 + (frostable_feat ? 1 : 0);
-        switch (random2(num))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "You shiver with cold.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ shivers with cold.";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg = "A chill runs through your body.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg        = "Wisps of condensation drift from your @hands@.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Wisps of condensation drift from @the_monster@'s "
-                             "@hands@.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Wisps of condensation drift in the air.";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg      = "Your @hands@ feel@hand_conj@ numb with cold.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg = "A chill runs through your body.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg = "You feel uncomfortably cold.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg      = "Frost covers your body.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Frost covers @the_monster@'s body.";
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                all_msg = "You hear a crackling sound.";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                you_msg = "A snowflake lands on your nose.";
-            break;
-        case 10:
-            if (grid_is_water(feat))
-                all_msg  = "A thin layer of ice forms on " + feat_name;
-            else
-                all_msg  = "Frost spreads across " + feat_name;
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            mpr("You feel extremely cold.");
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "You are covered in a thin layer of ice.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is covered in a thin layer of ice.";
-            if (target->res_cold() < 0)
-            {
-                if (!_ouch(4 + random2avg(5, 2)))
-                    return;
-            }
-            else
-                do_msg();
-            if (target->alive())
-                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_COLD, 2);
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg = "Heat is drained from your body.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            if (_ouch(5 + random2(6) + random2(7), BEAM_COLD) && target->alive())
-                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_COLD, 4);
-            break;
-
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in an explosion of ice and frost!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in an explosion of "
-                             "ice and frost!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Ice and frost explode from out of thin air!";
-
-            beam.flavour = BEAM_COLD;
-            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
-            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 11);
-            beam.name    = "explosion";
-            beam.colour  = WHITE;
-
-            _explosion();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "You are blasted with ice!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is blasted with ice!";
-            if (_ouch(9 + random2avg(23, 2), BEAM_ICE) && target->alive())
-                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_COLD, 9);
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "Freezing gasses pour from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Freezing gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
-                             "@hands@!";
-
-            do_msg();
-            big_cloud(CLOUD_COLD, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 8 + random2(4));
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-static bool _on_floor(actor* target)
-{
-    return (!target->airborne() && grd(target->pos()) == DNGN_FLOOR);
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_earth(int severity)
-{
-    int num;
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-    case 1:
-        num = 11 + (_on_floor(target) ? 2 : 0);
-        switch (random2(num))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg = "You feel earthy.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "You are showered with tiny particles of grit.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is showered with tiny particles "
-                             "of grit.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Tiny particles of grit hang in the air for a "
-                             "moment.";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg        = "Sand pours from your @hands@.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Sand pours from @the_monster@'s @hands@.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Sand pours from out of thin air.";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a surge of energy from the ground.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                all_msg = "You hear a distant rumble.";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
-                you_msg = "You sympathise with the stones.";
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg = "You feel gritty.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg      = "You feel momentarily lethargic.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ looks momentarily listless.";
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg        = "Motes of dust swirl before your eyes.";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Motes of dust swirl around @the_monster@.";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Motes of dust swirl around in the air.";
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-        {
-            bool               pluralized = true;
-            std::string        feet       = you.foot_name(true, &pluralized);
-            std::ostringstream str;
-
-            str << "Your " << feet << (pluralized ? " feel" : " feels")
-                << " warm.";
-
-            you_msg = str.str();
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        }
-        case 10:
-            if (target->cannot_move())
-            {
-                you_msg      = "You briefly vibrate.";
-                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ briefly vibrates.";
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                you_msg      = "You momentarily stiffen.";
-                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ momentarily stiffens.";
-            }
-            break;
-        case 11:
-            all_msg = "The floor vibrates.";
-            break;
-        case 12:
-            all_msg = "The floor shifts beneath you alarmingly!";
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // slightly less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(1))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            switch (random2(3))
-            {
-            case 0:
-                you_msg        = "You are hit by flying rocks!";
-                mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is hit by flying rocks!";
-                mon_msg_unseen = "Flying rocks appear out of thin air!";
-                break;
-            case 1:
-                you_msg        = "You are blasted with sand!";
-                mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is blasted with sand!";
-                mon_msg_unseen = "A miniature sandstorm briefly appears!";
-                break;
-            case 2:
-                you_msg        = "Rocks fall onto you out of nowhere!";
-                mon_msg_seen   = "Rocks fall onto @the_monster@ out of "
-                                 "nowhere!";
-                mon_msg_unseen = "Rocks fall out of nowhere!";
-                break;
-            }
-            _ouch(random2avg(13, 2) + 10 - random2(1 + target->armour_class()));
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(1))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in an explosion of flying "
-                             "shrapnel!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in an explosion of "
-                             "flying shrapnel!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Flying shrapnel explodes from thin air!";
-
-            beam.flavour = BEAM_FRAG;
-            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
-            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 15);
-            beam.name    = "explosion";
-            beam.colour  = CYAN;
-
-            if (one_chance_in(5))
-                beam.colour = BROWN;
-            if (one_chance_in(5))
-                beam.colour = LIGHTCYAN;
-
-            _explosion();
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void MiscastEffect::_air(int severity)
-{
-    int num;
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-        num = 10 + (_has_hair(target) ? 1 : 0);
-        switch (random2(num))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg = "Ouch! You gave yourself an electric shock.";
-            mon_msg = "Ouch! You gave yourself an electric shock.";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg      = "You feel momentarily weightless.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ bobs in the air for a moment.";
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg      = "Wisps of vapour drift from your @hands@.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Wisps of vapour drift from @the_monster@'s "
-                           "@hands@.";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg = "You feel electric!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 5:
-        {
-            bool pluralized = true;
-            if (!hand_str.empty())
-                pluralized = can_plural_hand;
-            else
-                target->hand_name(true, &pluralized);
-
-            if (pluralized)
-            {
-                you_msg      = "Sparks of electricity dance between your "
-                               "@hands@.";
-                mon_msg_seen = "Sparks of electricity dance between "
-                               "@the_monster@'s @hands@.";
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                you_msg      = "Sparks of electricity dance over your "
-                               "@hand@.";
-                mon_msg_seen = "Sparks of electricity dance over "
-                               "@the_monster@'s @hand@.";
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-        case 6:
-            you_msg      = "You are blasted with air!";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is blasted with air!";
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                all_msg = "You hear a whooshing sound.";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (player_can_smell())
-                all_msg = "You smell ozone.";
-            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
-                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                all_msg = "You hear a crackling sound.";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (player_can_smell())
-                all_msg = "You smell something musty.";
-            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
-                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
-            break;
-        case 10:
-        {
-            // Player only (for now).
-            bool plural;
-            std::string hair = _hair_str(target, plural);
-            you_msg = make_stringf("Your %s stand%s on end.", hair.c_str(),
-                                   plural ? "" : "s");
-            break;
-        }
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg      = "There is a short, sharp shower of sparks.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is briefly showered in sparks.";
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            if (silenced(you.pos()))
-            {
-               you_msg        = "The wind whips around you!";
-               mon_msg_seen   = "The wind whips around @the_monster@!";
-               mon_msg_unseen = "The wind whips!";
-            }
-            else
-            {
-               you_msg        = "The wind howls around you!";
-               mon_msg_seen   = "The wind howls around @the_monster@!";
-               mon_msg_unseen = "The wind howls!";
-            }
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg = "Electricity courses through your body.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            _ouch(4 + random2avg(9, 2), BEAM_ELECTRICITY);
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "Noxious gasses pour from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Noxious gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
-                             "@hands@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Noxious gasses appear from out of thin air!";
-
-            do_msg();
-            big_cloud(CLOUD_STINK, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 9 + random2(4));
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // musch less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg        = "You are caught in an explosion of electrical "
-                             "discharges!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in an explosion of "
-                             "electrical discharges!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Electrical discharges explode from out of "
-                             "thin air!";
-
-            beam.flavour = BEAM_ELECTRICITY;
-            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
-            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 8);
-            beam.name    = "explosion";
-            beam.colour  = LIGHTBLUE;
-            beam.ex_size = one_chance_in(4) ? 1 : 2;
-
-            _explosion();
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "Venomous gasses pour from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Venomous gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
-                             "@hands@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Venomous gasses pour forth from the thin air!";
-
-            do_msg();
-            big_cloud(CLOUD_POISON, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 8 + random2(5));
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// XXX MATT
-void MiscastEffect::_poison(int severity)
-{
-    switch (severity)
-    {
-    case 0:         // just a harmless message
-        switch (random2(10))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            you_msg = "You feel mildly nauseous.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg = "You feel slightly ill.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            you_msg      = "Wisps of poison gas drift from your @hands@.";
-            mon_msg_seen = "Wisps of poison gas drift from @the_monster@'s "
-                           "@hands@.";
-            break;
-        case 3:
-            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 4:
-            you_msg = "You feel faint for a moment.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 5:
-            you_msg = "You feel sick.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 6:
-            you_msg = "You feel odd.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 7:
-            you_msg = "You feel weak for a moment.";
-            // Monster messages needed.
-            break;
-        case 8:
-            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
-            // care of elsewhere.
-            break;
-        case 9:
-            if (neither_end_silenced())
-            {
-                all_msg = "You hear a slurping sound.";
-                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
-            }
-            else if (you.species != SP_MUMMY)
-                you_msg = "You taste almonds.";
-            break;
-        }
-        do_msg();
-        break;
-
-    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
-        switch (random2(2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            if (target->res_poison() <= 0)
-            {
-                you_msg = "You feel sick.";
-                // Monster messages needed.
-                target->poison(act_source, 2 + random2(3));
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "Noxious gasses pour from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Noxious gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
-                             "@hands@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Noxious gasses pour forth from the thin air!";
-            place_cloud(CLOUD_STINK, target->pos(), 2 + random2(4), kc, kt );
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
-        // Don't use last case for monsters.
-        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 3 : 2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            if (target->res_poison() <= 0)
-            {
-                you_msg = "You feel very sick.";
-                // Monster messages needed.
-                target->poison(act_source, 3 + random2avg(9, 2));
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "Noxious gasses pour from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Noxious gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
-                             "@hands@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Noxious gasses pour forth from the thin air!";
-
-            do_msg();
-            big_cloud(CLOUD_STINK, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 8 + random2(5));
-            break;
-
-        case 2:
-            if (player_res_poison())
-                canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
-            else
-                _lose_stat(STAT_RANDOM, 1);
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case 3:         // less harmless stuff
-        // Don't use last case for monsters.
-        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 3 : 2))
-        {
-        case 0:
-            if (target->res_poison() <= 0)
-            {
-                you_msg = "You feel incredibly sick.";
-                // Monster messages needed.
-                target->poison(act_source, 10 + random2avg(19, 2));
-            }
-            do_msg();
-            break;
-        case 1:
-            you_msg        = "Venomous gasses pour from your @hands@!";
-            mon_msg_seen   = "Venomous gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
-                             "@hands@!";
-            mon_msg_unseen = "Venomous gasses pour forth from the thin air!";
-
-            do_msg();
-            big_cloud(CLOUD_POISON, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 7 + random2(7));
-            break;
-        case 2:
-            if (player_res_poison())
-                canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
-            else
-                _lose_stat(STAT_RANDOM, 1 + random2avg(5, 2));
-            break;
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
 const char* failure_rate_to_string( int fail )
 {
     return
diff --git a/crawl-ref/source/spl-mis.cc b/crawl-ref/source/spl-mis.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..80fa3e3243
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crawl-ref/source/spl-mis.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,2712 @@
+/*
+ *  File:       spl-mis.cc
+ *  Summary:    Spell miscast class.
+ *  Written by: Matthew Cline
+ *
+ *  Modified for Crawl Reference by $Author$ on $Date: 2008-06-28 22:
+16:39 -0700 (Sat, 28 Jun 2008) $
+ */
+
+#include "AppHdr.h"
+REVISION("$Rev$");
+
+#include "spl-mis.h"
+
+#include "externs.h"
+
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include "cloud.h"
+#include "effects.h"
+#include "it_use2.h"
+#include "Kills.h"
+#include "misc.h"
+#include "monplace.h"
+#include "monstuff.h"
+#include "mon-util.h"
+#include "mutation.h"
+#include "player.h"
+#include "religion.h"
+#include "spells1.h"
+#include "state.h"
+#include "stuff.h"
+#include "terrain.h"
+#include "transfor.h"
+#include "view.h"
+#include "xom.h"
+
+// This determines how likely it is that more powerful wild magic
+// effects will occur.  Set to 100 for the old probabilities (although
+// the individual effects have been made much nastier since then).
+#define WILD_MAGIC_NASTINESS 150
+
+#define MAX_RECURSE 100
+
+MiscastEffect::MiscastEffect(actor* _target, int _source, spell_type _spell,
+                             int _pow, int _fail, std::string _cause,
+                             nothing_happens_when_type _nothing_happens,
+                             int _lethality_margin, std::string _hand_str,
+                             bool _can_plural) :
+    target(_target), source(_source), cause(_cause), spell(_spell),
+    school(SPTYP_NONE), pow(_pow), fail(_fail), level(-1), kc(KC_NCATEGORIES),
+    kt(KILL_NONE), nothing_happens_when(_nothing_happens),
+    lethality_margin(_lethality_margin), hand_str(_hand_str),
+    can_plural_hand(_can_plural)
+{
+    ASSERT(is_valid_spell(_spell));
+    unsigned int schools = get_spell_disciplines(_spell);
+    ASSERT(schools != SPTYP_NONE);
+    ASSERT(!(schools & SPTYP_HOLY));
+    UNUSED(schools);
+
+    init();
+    do_miscast();
+}
+
+MiscastEffect::MiscastEffect(actor* _target, int _source,
+                             spschool_flag_type _school, int _level,
+                             std::string _cause,
+                             nothing_happens_when_type _nothing_happens,
+                             int _lethality_margin, std::string _hand_str,
+                             bool _can_plural) :
+    target(_target), source(_source), cause(_cause), spell(SPELL_NO_SPELL),
+    school(_school), pow(-1), fail(-1), level(_level), kc(KC_NCATEGORIES),
+    kt(KILL_NONE), nothing_happens_when(_nothing_happens),
+    lethality_margin(_lethality_margin), hand_str(_hand_str),
+    can_plural_hand(_can_plural)
+{
+    ASSERT(!_cause.empty());
+    ASSERT(count_bits(_school) == 1);
+    ASSERT(_school < SPTYP_HOLY || _school == SPTYP_RANDOM);
+    ASSERT(level >= 0 && level <= 3);
+
+    init();
+    do_miscast();
+}
+
+MiscastEffect::MiscastEffect(actor* _target, int _source,
+                             spschool_flag_type _school, int _pow, int _fail,
+                             std::string _cause,
+                             nothing_happens_when_type _nothing_happens,
+                             int _lethality_margin, std::string _hand_str,
+                             bool _can_plural) :
+    target(_target), source(_source), cause(_cause), spell(SPELL_NO_SPELL),
+    school(_school), pow(_pow), fail(_fail), level(-1), kc(KC_NCATEGORIES),
+    kt(KILL_NONE), nothing_happens_when(_nothing_happens),
+    lethality_margin(_lethality_margin), hand_str(_hand_str),
+    can_plural_hand(_can_plural)
+{
+    ASSERT(!_cause.empty());
+    ASSERT(count_bits(_school) == 1);
+    ASSERT(_school < SPTYP_HOLY || _school == SPTYP_RANDOM);
+
+    init();
+    do_miscast();
+}
+
+MiscastEffect::~MiscastEffect()
+{
+    ASSERT(recursion_depth == 0);
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::init()
+{
+    ASSERT(spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL && school == SPTYP_NONE
+           || spell == SPELL_NO_SPELL && school != SPTYP_NONE);
+    ASSERT(pow != -1 && fail != -1 && level == -1
+           || pow == -1 && fail == -1 && level >= 0 && level <= 3);
+
+    ASSERT(target != NULL);
+    ASSERT(target->alive());
+
+    ASSERT(lethality_margin == 0 || target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER);
+
+    recursion_depth = 0;
+
+    source_known = target_known = false;
+
+    act_source = NULL;
+
+    const bool death_curse = (cause.find("death curse") != std::string::npos);
+
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
+        target_known = you.can_see(target);
+    else
+        target_known = true;
+
+    kill_source = source;
+    if (source == WIELD_MISCAST || source == MELEE_MISCAST)
+    {
+        if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
+            kill_source = target->mindex();
+        else
+            kill_source = NON_MONSTER;
+    }
+
+    if (kill_source == NON_MONSTER)
+    {
+        kc           = KC_YOU;
+        kt           = KILL_YOU_MISSILE;
+        act_source   = &you;
+        source_known = true;
+    }
+    else if (!invalid_monster_index(kill_source))
+    {
+        monsters* mon_source = &menv[kill_source];
+        ASSERT(mon_source->type != -1);
+
+        act_source = mon_source;
+
+        if (death_curse && target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER
+            && target_as_monster()->confused_by_you())
+        {
+            kt = KILL_YOU_CONF;
+        }
+        else if (!death_curse && mon_source->confused_by_you()
+                 && !mons_friendly(mon_source))
+        {
+            kt = KILL_YOU_CONF;
+        }
+        else
+            kt = KILL_MON_MISSILE;
+
+        if (mons_friendly(mon_source))
+            kc = KC_FRIENDLY;
+        else
+            kc = KC_OTHER;
+
+        source_known = you.can_see(mon_source);
+
+        if (target_known && death_curse)
+            source_known = true;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        ASSERT(source == ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST
+               || source == MISC_KNOWN_MISCAST
+               || source == MISC_UNKNOWN_MISCAST
+               || (source < 0 && -source < NUM_GODS));
+
+        act_source = target;
+
+        kc = KC_OTHER;
+        kt = KILL_MISC;
+
+        if (source == ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST)
+        {
+            source_known = target_known;
+
+            if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER
+                && target_as_monster()->confused_by_you())
+            {
+                kt = KILL_YOU_CONF;
+            }
+        }
+        else if (source == MISC_KNOWN_MISCAST)
+            source_known = true;
+        else if (source == MISC_UNKNOWN_MISCAST)
+            source_known = false;
+        else
+            source_known = true;
+    }
+
+    ASSERT(kc != KC_NCATEGORIES && kt != KILL_NONE);
+
+    if (death_curse && !invalid_monster_index(kill_source))
+    {
+        if (starts_with(cause, "a "))
+            cause.replace(cause.begin(), cause.begin() + 1, "an indirect");
+        else if (starts_with(cause, "an "))
+            cause.replace(cause.begin(), cause.begin() + 2, "an indirect");
+        else
+            cause = replace_all(cause, "death curse", "indirect death curse");
+   }
+
+    // source_known = false for MELEE_MISCAST so that melee miscasts
+    // won't give a "nothing happens" message.
+    if (source == MELEE_MISCAST)
+        source_known = false;
+
+    if (hand_str.empty())
+        target->hand_name(true, &can_plural_hand);
+
+    // Explosion stuff.
+    beam.is_explosion = true;
+
+    if (cause.empty())
+        cause = get_default_cause();
+    beam.aux_source  = cause;
+    beam.beam_source = kill_source;
+    beam.thrower     = kt;
+}
+
+std::string MiscastEffect::get_default_cause()
+{
+    // This is only for true miscasts, which means both a spell and that
+    // the source of the miscast is the same as the target of the miscast.
+    ASSERT(source >= 0 && source <= NON_MONSTER);
+    ASSERT(spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL);
+    ASSERT(school == SPTYP_NONE);
+
+    if (source == NON_MONSTER)
+    {
+        ASSERT(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER);
+        std::string str = "your miscasting ";
+        str += spell_title(spell);
+        return str;
+    }
+
+    ASSERT(act_source->atype() == ACT_MONSTER);
+    ASSERT(act_source == target);
+
+    if (you.can_see(act_source))
+    {
+        return apostrophise(source_as_monster()->base_name(DESC_PLAIN))
+            + " spell miscasting";
+    }
+    else
+        return "something's spell miscasting";
+}
+
+bool MiscastEffect::neither_end_silenced()
+{
+    return (!silenced(you.pos()) && !silenced(target->pos()));
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::do_miscast()
+{
+    ASSERT(recursion_depth >= 0 && recursion_depth < MAX_RECURSE);
+
+    if (recursion_depth == 0)
+        did_msg = false;
+
+    unwind_var<int> unwind_depth(recursion_depth);
+    recursion_depth++;
+
+    // Repeated calls to do_miscast() on a single object instance have
+    // killed a target which was alive when the object was created.
+    if (!target->alive())
+    {
+#ifdef DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS
+        mprf(MSGCH_DIAGNOSTICS, "Miscast target '%s' already dead",
+             target->name(DESC_PLAIN, true).c_str());
+#endif
+        return;
+    }
+
+    spschool_flag_type sp_type;
+    int                severity;
+
+    if (spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL)
+    {
+        std::vector<int> school_list;
+        for (int i = 0; i < SPTYP_LAST_EXPONENT; i++)
+            if (spell_typematch(spell, 1 << i))
+                school_list.push_back(i);
+
+        unsigned int _school = school_list[random2(school_list.size())];
+        sp_type = static_cast<spschool_flag_type>(1 << _school);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        sp_type = school;
+        if (sp_type == SPTYP_RANDOM)
+        {
+            int exp = (random2(SPTYP_LAST_EXPONENT));
+            sp_type = (spschool_flag_type) (1 << exp);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (level != -1)
+        severity = level;
+    else
+    {
+        severity = (pow * fail * (10 + pow) / 7 * WILD_MAGIC_NASTINESS) / 100;
+
+#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
+        mprf(MSGCH_DIAGNOSTICS, "'%s' miscast power: %d",
+             spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL ? spell_title(spell)
+                                     : spelltype_short_name(sp_type),
+             severity);
+#endif
+
+        if (random2(40) > severity && random2(40) > severity)
+        {
+            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        severity /= 100;
+        severity = random2(severity);
+        if (severity > 3)
+            severity = 3;
+        else if (severity < 0)
+            severity = 0;
+    }
+
+#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
+    mprf(MSGCH_DIAGNOSTICS, "Sptype: %s, severity: %d",
+         spelltype_short_name(sp_type), severity );
+#endif
+
+    beam.ex_size            = 1;
+    beam.name               = "";
+    beam.damage             = dice_def(0, 0);
+    beam.flavour            = BEAM_NONE;
+    beam.msg_generated      = false;
+    beam.in_explosion_phase = false;
+
+    // Do this here since multiple miscasts (wizmode testing) might move
+    // the target around.
+    beam.source = target->pos();
+    beam.target = target->pos();
+    beam.use_target_as_pos = true;
+
+    all_msg = you_msg = mon_msg = mon_msg_seen = mon_msg_unseen = "";
+    msg_ch  = MSGCH_PLAIN;
+
+    switch (sp_type)
+    {
+    case SPTYP_CONJURATION:    _conjuration(severity);    break;
+    case SPTYP_ENCHANTMENT:    _enchantment(severity);    break;
+    case SPTYP_TRANSLOCATION:  _translocation(severity);  break;
+    case SPTYP_SUMMONING:      _summoning(severity);      break;
+    case SPTYP_NECROMANCY:     _necromancy(severity);     break;
+    case SPTYP_TRANSMUTATION:  _transmutation(severity); break;
+    case SPTYP_FIRE:           _fire(severity);           break;
+    case SPTYP_ICE:            _ice(severity);            break;
+    case SPTYP_EARTH:          _earth(severity);          break;
+    case SPTYP_AIR:            _air(severity);            break;
+    case SPTYP_POISON:         _poison(severity);         break;
+    case SPTYP_DIVINATION:
+        // Divination miscasts have nothing in common between the player
+        // and monsters.
+        if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+            _divination_you(severity);
+        else
+            _divination_mon(severity);
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        DEBUGSTR("Invalid miscast spell discipline.");
+    }
+
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+        xom_is_stimulated(severity * 50);
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::do_msg(bool suppress_nothing_happnes)
+{
+    ASSERT(!did_msg);
+
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER && !mons_near(target_as_monster()))
+        return;
+
+    did_msg = true;
+
+    std::string msg;
+
+    if (!all_msg.empty())
+        msg = all_msg;
+    else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+        msg = you_msg;
+    else if (!mon_msg.empty())
+    {
+        msg = mon_msg;
+        // Monster might be unseen with hands that can't be seen.
+        ASSERT(msg.find("@hand") == std::string::npos);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if (you.can_see(target))
+            msg = mon_msg_seen;
+        else
+        {
+            msg = mon_msg_unseen;
+            // Can't see the hands of invisible monsters.
+            ASSERT(msg.find("@hand") == std::string::npos);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (msg.empty())
+    {
+        if (!suppress_nothing_happnes
+            && (nothing_happens_when == NH_ALWAYS
+                || (nothing_happens_when == NH_DEFAULT && source_known
+                    && target_known)))
+        {
+            canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
+        }
+
+        return;
+    }
+
+    bool plural;
+
+    if (hand_str.empty())
+    {
+        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hand@",  target->hand_name(false, &plural));
+        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hands@", target->hand_name(true));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        plural = can_plural_hand;
+        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hand@",  hand_str);
+        if (can_plural_hand)
+            msg = replace_all(msg, "@hands@", pluralise(hand_str));
+        else
+            msg = replace_all(msg, "@hands@", hand_str);
+    }
+
+    if (plural)
+        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hand_conj@", "");
+    else
+        msg = replace_all(msg, "@hand_conj@", "s");
+
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
+        msg = do_mon_str_replacements(msg, target_as_monster(), S_SILENT);
+
+    mpr(msg.c_str(), msg_ch);
+}
+
+bool MiscastEffect::_ouch(int dam, beam_type flavour)
+{
+    // Delay do_msg() until after avoid_lethal().
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
+    {
+        monsters* mon_target = target_as_monster();
+
+        do_msg(true);
+
+        bolt beem;
+
+        beem.flavour = flavour;
+        dam = mons_adjust_flavoured(mon_target, beem, dam, true);
+        mon_target->hurt(NULL, dam, BEAM_MISSILE, false);
+
+        if (!mon_target->alive())
+            monster_die(mon_target, kt, kill_source);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        dam = check_your_resists(dam, flavour);
+
+        if (avoid_lethal(dam))
+            return (false);
+
+        do_msg(true);
+
+        kill_method_type method;
+
+        if (source == NON_MONSTER && spell != SPELL_NO_SPELL)
+            method = KILLED_BY_WILD_MAGIC;
+        else if (source == ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST)
+            method = KILLED_BY_TRAP;
+        else if (source < 0 && -source < NUM_GODS)
+        {
+            god_type god = static_cast<god_type>(-source);
+
+            if (god == GOD_XOM && you.penance[GOD_XOM] == 0)
+                method = KILLED_BY_XOM;
+            else
+                method = KILLED_BY_DIVINE_WRATH;
+        }
+        else if (!invalid_monster_index(source))
+            method = KILLED_BY_MONSTER;
+        else
+            method = KILLED_BY_SOMETHING;
+
+        bool see_source = act_source && you.can_see(act_source);
+        ouch(dam, kill_source, method, cause.c_str(), see_source);
+    }
+
+    return (true);
+}
+
+bool MiscastEffect::_explosion()
+{
+    ASSERT(!beam.name.empty());
+    ASSERT(beam.damage.num != 0 && beam.damage.size != 0);
+    ASSERT(beam.flavour != BEAM_NONE);
+
+    int max_dam = beam.damage.num * beam.damage.size;
+    max_dam = check_your_resists(max_dam, beam.flavour);
+    if (avoid_lethal(max_dam))
+        return (false);
+
+    do_msg(true);
+    beam.explode();
+
+    return (true);
+}
+
+bool MiscastEffect::_lose_stat(unsigned char which_stat,
+                               unsigned char stat_loss)
+{
+    if (lethality_margin <= 0)
+        return lose_stat(which_stat, stat_loss, false, cause);
+
+    if (which_stat == STAT_RANDOM)
+    {
+        const int might = you.duration[DUR_MIGHT] ? 5 : 0;
+
+        std::vector<unsigned char> stat_types;
+        if ((you.strength - might - stat_loss) > 0)
+            stat_types.push_back(STAT_STRENGTH);
+        if ((you.intel - stat_loss) > 0)
+            stat_types.push_back(STAT_INTELLIGENCE);
+        if ((you.dex - stat_loss) > 0)
+            stat_types.push_back(STAT_DEXTERITY);
+
+        if (stat_types.size() == 0)
+        {
+            if (avoid_lethal(you.hp))
+                return (false);
+            else
+                return lose_stat(which_stat, stat_loss, false, cause);
+        }
+
+        which_stat = stat_types[random2(stat_types.size())];
+    }
+
+    int val;
+
+    switch(which_stat)
+    {
+        case STAT_STRENGTH: val = you.strength; break;
+        case STAT_INTELLIGENCE: val = you.intel; break;
+        case STAT_DEXTERITY: val = you.dex; break;
+
+        default: DEBUGSTR("Invalid stat type."); return (false);
+    }
+
+    if ((val - stat_loss) <= 0)
+    {
+        if (avoid_lethal(you.hp))
+            return (false);
+    }
+
+    return lose_stat(which_stat, stat_loss, false, cause);
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_potion_effect(int pot_eff, int pot_pow)
+{
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+    {
+        potion_effect(static_cast<potion_type>(pot_eff), pot_pow, false);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    monsters* mon_target = target_as_monster();
+
+    switch (pot_eff)
+    {
+        case POT_LEVITATION:
+            // There's no levitation enchantment for monsters, and,
+            // anyway, it's not nearly as inconvenient for monsters as
+            // for the player, so backlight them instead.
+            mon_target->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_BACKLIGHT, pot_pow, kc));
+            break;
+        case POT_BERSERK_RAGE:
+            if (target->can_go_berserk())
+            {
+                target->go_berserk(false);
+                break;
+            }
+            // Intentional fallthrough if that didn't work.
+        case POT_SLOWING:
+            target->slow_down(act_source, pot_pow);
+            break;
+        case POT_PARALYSIS:
+            target->paralyse(act_source, pot_pow);
+            break;
+        case POT_CONFUSION:
+            target->confuse(act_source, pot_pow);
+            break;
+
+        default:
+            ASSERT(false);
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::send_abyss()
+{
+    if (you.level_type == LEVEL_ABYSS)
+    {
+        you_msg        = "The world appears momentarily distorted.";
+        mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ wobbles for a moment.";
+        mon_msg_unseen = "An empty piece of space momentarily distorts.";
+        do_msg();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    target->banish(cause);
+}
+
+bool MiscastEffect::avoid_lethal(int dam)
+{
+    if (lethality_margin <= 0 || (you.hp - dam) > lethality_margin)
+        return (false);
+
+    if (recursion_depth == MAX_RECURSE)
+    {
+#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
+        mpr("Couldn't avoid lethal miscast: too much recursion.",
+            MSGCH_ERROR);
+#endif
+        return (false);
+    }
+
+    if (did_msg)
+    {
+#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
+        mpr("Couldn't avoid lethal miscast: already printed message for this "
+            "miscast.", MSGCH_ERROR);
+#endif
+        return (false);
+    }
+
+#if DEBUG_DIAGNOSTICS || DEBUG_MISCAST
+    mpr("Avoided lethal miscast.", MSGCH_DIAGNOSTICS);
+#endif
+
+    do_miscast();
+
+    return (true);
+}
+
+bool MiscastEffect::_create_monster(monster_type what, int abj_deg,
+                                    bool alert)
+{
+    const god_type god =
+        (crawl_state.is_god_acting()) ? crawl_state.which_god_acting()
+                                      : GOD_NO_GOD;
+
+    mgen_data data = mgen_data::hostile_at(what, target->pos(),
+                                           abj_deg, 0, alert, god);
+
+    // hostile_at() assumes the monster is hostile to the player,
+    // but should be hostile to the target monster unless the miscast
+    // is a result of either divine wrath or a Zot trap.
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER && you.penance[god] == 0
+        && source != ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST)
+    {
+        monsters* mon_target = target_as_monster();
+
+        switch (mon_target->temp_attitude())
+        {
+            case ATT_FRIENDLY:     data.behaviour = BEH_HOSTILE; break;
+            case ATT_HOSTILE:      data.behaviour = BEH_FRIENDLY; break;
+            case ATT_GOOD_NEUTRAL:
+            case ATT_NEUTRAL:
+                data.behaviour = BEH_NEUTRAL;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (alert)
+            data.foe = monster_index(mon_target);
+
+        // No permanent allies from miscasts.
+        if (data.behaviour == BEH_FRIENDLY && abj_deg == 0)
+            data.abjuration_duration = 6;
+    }
+
+    // If data.abjuration_duration == 0, then data.summon_type will
+    // simply be ignored.
+    if (data.abjuration_duration != 0)
+    {
+        if (you.penance[god] > 0)
+            data.summon_type = MON_SUMM_WRATH;
+        else if (source == ZOT_TRAP_MISCAST)
+            data.summon_type = MON_SUMM_ZOT;
+        else
+            data.summon_type = MON_SUMM_MISCAST;
+    }
+
+    return (create_monster(data) != -1);
+}
+
+static bool _has_hair(actor* target)
+{
+    // Don't bother for monsters.
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
+        return (false);
+
+    return (!transform_changed_physiology() && you.species != SP_GHOUL
+            && you.species != SP_KENKU && !player_genus(GENPC_DRACONIAN));
+}
+
+static std::string _hair_str(actor* target, bool &plural)
+{
+    ASSERT(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER);
+
+    if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
+    {
+        plural = true;
+        return "bandages";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        plural = false;
+        return "hair";
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_conjuration(int severity)
+{
+    int num;
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+        num = 10 + (_has_hair(target) ? 1 : 0);
+        switch (random2(num))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "Sparks fly from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Sparks fly from @the_monster@'s @hands@!";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "The air around you crackles with energy!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "The air around @the_monster@ crackles "
+                           "with energy!";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg      = "Wisps of smoke drift from your @hands@.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Wisps of smoke drift from @the_monster@'s "
+                           "@hands@.";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg      = "You are momentarily dazzled by a flash of light!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ emits a flash of light!";
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
+                           " for a moment.";
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg      = "Your skin tingles.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ twitches.";
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg      = "Your skin glows momentarily.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows momentarily.";
+            // A small glow isn't going to make it past invisibility.
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            if (player_can_smell())
+                all_msg = "You smell something strange.";
+            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
+                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
+            break;
+        case 10:
+        {
+            // Player only (for now).
+            bool plural;
+            std::string hair = _hair_str(target, plural);
+            you_msg = make_stringf("Your %s stand%s on end.", hair.c_str(),
+                                   plural ? "" : "s");
+        }
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg        = "Smoke pours from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Smoke pours from @the_monster@'s @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Smoke appears from out of nowhere!";
+
+            do_msg();
+            big_cloud(CLOUD_GREY_SMOKE, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20,
+                      7 + random2(7));
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "A wave of violent energy washes through your body!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ lurches violently!";
+            _ouch(6 + random2avg(7, 2));
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "Energy rips through your body!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ jerks violently!";
+            _ouch(9 + random2avg(17, 2));
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in a violent explosion!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a violent explosion!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A violent explosion happens from out of thin "
+                             "air!";
+
+            beam.flavour = BEAM_MISSILE;
+            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 12);
+            beam.name    = "explosion";
+            beam.colour  = random_colour();
+
+            _explosion();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // considerably less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "You are blasted with magical energy!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is blasted with magical energy!";
+            // No message for invis monsters?
+            _ouch(12 + random2avg(29, 2));
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            all_msg = "There is a sudden explosion of magical energy!";
+
+            beam.flavour = BEAM_MISSILE;
+            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
+            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 20);
+            beam.name    = "explosion";
+            beam.colour  = random_colour();
+            beam.ex_size = coinflip() ? 1 : 2;
+
+            _explosion();
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void _your_hands_glow(actor* target, std::string& you_msg,
+                             std::string& mon_msg_seen, bool pluralize)
+{
+    you_msg      = "Your @hands@ ";
+    mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s @hands@ ";
+    // No message for invisible monsters.
+
+    if (pluralize)
+    {
+       you_msg      += "glow";
+       mon_msg_seen += "glow";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        you_msg      += "glows";
+        mon_msg_seen += "glows";
+    }
+    you_msg      += " momentarily.";
+    mon_msg_seen += " momentarily.";
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_enchantment(int severity)
+{
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // harmless messages only
+        switch (random2(10))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            _your_hands_glow(target, you_msg, mon_msg_seen, can_plural_hand);
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "The air around you crackles with energy!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "The air around @the_monster@ crackles with"
+                           " energy!";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg        = "Multicoloured lights dance before your eyes!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Multicoloured lights dance around @the_monster@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Multicoloured lights dance in the air!";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg      = "Waves of light ripple over your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Waves of light ripple over @the_monster@'s body.";
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
+                           " for a moment.";
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg      = "Your skin tingles.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ twitches.";
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg      = "Your skin glows momentarily.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s body glows momentarily.";
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                // XXX: Should use noisy().
+                all_msg = "You hear something strange.";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+                return;
+            }
+            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER
+                     && you.attribute[ATTR_TRANSFORMATION] != TRAN_AIR)
+            {
+                you_msg = "Your skull vibrates slightly.";
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // slightly annoying
+        switch (random2(crawl_state.arena ? 1 : 2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            _potion_effect(POT_LEVITATION, 20);
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            // XXX: Something else for monsters?
+            random_uselessness();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // much more annoying
+        switch (random2(7))
+        {
+        case 0:
+        case 1:
+        case 2:
+            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+            {
+                mpr("You sense a malignant aura.");
+                curse_an_item(false);
+                break;
+            }
+            // Intentional fall-through for monsters.
+        case 3:
+        case 4:
+        case 5:
+            _potion_effect(POT_SLOWING, 10);
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            _potion_effect(POT_BERSERK_RAGE, 10);
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // potentially lethal
+        // Only use first two cases for monsters.
+        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 4 : 2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            _potion_effect(POT_PARALYSIS, 10);
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            _potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 10);
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            mpr("You feel saturated with unharnessed energies!");
+            you.magic_contamination += random2avg(19, 3);
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            do
+                curse_an_item(false);
+            while (!one_chance_in(3));
+            mpr("You sense an overwhelmingly malignant aura!");
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_translocation(int severity)
+{
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // harmless messages only
+        switch (random2(10))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "Space warps around you.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Space warps around @the_monster@.";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "The air around you crackles with energy!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "The air around @the_monster@ crackles with "
+                           "energy!";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg      = "You feel a wrenching sensation.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The monster@ jerks violently for a moment.";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg      = "You spin around.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ spins around.";
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
+                           " for a moment.";
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg      = "Your skin tingles.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ twitches.";
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg      = "The world appears momentarily distorted!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ appears momentarily distorted!";
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            you_msg = "You feel uncomfortable.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ grimaces.";
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // mostly harmless
+        switch (random2(6))
+        {
+        case 0:
+        case 1:
+        case 2:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in a localised field of spatial "
+                             "distortion.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a localised field of "
+                             "spatial distortion.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A piece of empty space twists and distorts.";
+            _ouch(4 + random2avg(9, 2));
+            break;
+        case 3:
+        case 4:
+            you_msg        = "Space bends around you!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Space bends around @the_monster@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A piece of empty space twists and distorts.";
+            if (_ouch(4 + random2avg(7, 2)) && target->alive())
+                target->blink(false);
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            if (_create_monster(MONS_SPATIAL_VORTEX, 3))
+                all_msg = "Space twists in upon itself!";
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // less harmless
+        switch (random2(7))
+        {
+        case 0:
+        case 1:
+        case 2:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in a strong localised spatial "
+                             "distortion.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a strong localised "
+                             "spatial distortion.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A piece of empty space twists and writhes.";
+            _ouch(9 + random2avg(23, 2));
+            break;
+        case 3:
+        case 4:
+            you_msg        = "Space warps around you!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Space warps around @the_monster!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A piece of empty space twists and writhes.";
+            if (_ouch(5 + random2avg(9, 2)) && target->alive())
+            {
+                if (one_chance_in(3))
+                    target->teleport(true);
+                else
+                    target->blink(false);
+                _potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 40);
+            }
+            break;
+        case 5:
+        {
+            bool success = false;
+
+            for (int i = 1 + random2(3); i >= 0; --i)
+            {
+                if (_create_monster(MONS_SPATIAL_VORTEX, 3))
+                    success = true;
+            }
+
+            if (success)
+                all_msg = "Space twists in upon itself!";
+            break;
+        }
+        case 6:
+            send_abyss();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // much less harmless
+        // Don't use the last case for monsters.
+        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 4 : 3))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in an extremely strong localised "
+                             "spatial distortion!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in an extremely strong "
+                             "localised spatial distortion!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A rift temporarily opens in the fabric of space!";
+            _ouch(15 + random2avg(29, 2));
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "Space warps crazily around you!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Space warps crazily around @the_monster@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A rift temporarily opens in the fabric of space!";
+            if (_ouch(9 + random2avg(17, 2)) && target->alive())
+            {
+                target->teleport(true);
+                _potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 60);
+            }
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            send_abyss();
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            mpr("You feel saturated with unharnessed energies!");
+            you.magic_contamination += random2avg(19, 3);
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_summoning(int severity)
+{
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // harmless messages only
+        switch (random2(10))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "Shadowy shapes form in the air around you, "
+                           "then vanish.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Shadowy shapes form in the air around "
+                           "@the_monster@, then vanish.";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                all_msg = "You hear strange voices.";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                you_msg = "You feel momentarily dizzy.";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg = "Your head hurts.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg = "Your brain hurts!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
+                           " for a moment.";
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg      = "The world appears momentarily distorted.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ appears momentarily distorted.";
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg      = "Space warps around you.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Space warps around @the_monster@.";
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                you_msg      = "Distant voices call out to you!";
+                mon_msg_seen = "Distant voices call out to @the_monster@!";
+                msg_ch       = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                you_msg = "You feel watched.";
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // a little bad
+        switch (random2(6))
+        {
+        case 0:             // identical to translocation
+        case 1:
+        case 2:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in a localised spatial "
+                             "distortion.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a localised spatial "
+                             "distortion.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "An empty piece of space distorts and twists.";
+            _ouch(5 + random2avg(9, 2));
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            if (_create_monster(MONS_SPATIAL_VORTEX, 3))
+                all_msg = "Space twists in upon itself!";
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        case 4:
+        case 5:
+            if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_LESSER), 5, true))
+                all_msg = "Something appears in a flash of light!";
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // more bad
+        switch (random2(6))
+        {
+        case 0:
+        {
+            bool success = false;
+
+            for (int i = 1 + random2(3); i >= 0; --i)
+            {
+                if (_create_monster(MONS_SPATIAL_VORTEX, 3))
+                    success = true;
+            }
+
+            if (success)
+                all_msg = "Space twists in upon itself!";
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case 1:
+        case 2:
+            if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_COMMON), 5, true))
+                all_msg = "Something forms from out of thin air!";
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+
+        case 3:
+        case 4:
+        case 5:
+        {
+            bool success = false;
+
+            for (int i = 1 + random2(2); i >= 0; --i)
+            {
+                if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_LESSER), 5, true))
+                    success = true;
+            }
+
+            if (success && neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                you_msg = "A chorus of chattering voices calls out to you!";
+                mon_msg = "A chorus of chattering voices calls out!";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        }
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // more bad
+        switch (random2(4))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            if (_create_monster(MONS_ABOMINATION_SMALL, 0, true))
+                all_msg = "Something forms from out of thin air.";
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+
+        case 1:
+            if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_GREATER), 0, true))
+                all_msg = "You sense a hostile presence.";
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+
+        case 2:
+        {
+            bool success = false;
+
+            for (int i = 1 + random2(2); i >= 0; --i)
+            {
+                if (_create_monster(summon_any_demon(DEMON_COMMON), 3, true))
+                    success = true;
+            }
+
+            if (success)
+            {
+                you_msg = "Something turns its malign attention towards "
+                          "you...";
+                mon_msg = "You sense a malign presence.";
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case 3:
+            send_abyss();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_divination_you(int severity)
+{
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+        switch (random2(10))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            mpr("Weird images run through your mind.");
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            if (!silenced(you.pos()))
+                mpr("You hear strange voices.", MSGCH_SOUND);
+            else
+                mpr("Your nose twitches.");
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            mpr("Your head hurts.");
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            mpr("You feel a strange surge of energy!");
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            mpr("Your brain hurts!");
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            mpr("Strange energies run through your body.");
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            mpr("Everything looks hazy for a moment.");
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            mpr("You seem to have forgotten something, but you can't remember what it was!");
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            mpr("You feel uncomfortable.");
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // more annoying things
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            mpr("You feel slightly disoriented.");
+            forget_map(10 + random2(10));
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 10);
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // even more annoying things
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            if (you.is_undead)
+                mpr("You suddenly recall your previous life!");
+            else if (_lose_stat(STAT_INTELLIGENCE, 1 + random2(3)))
+            {
+                mpr("You have damaged your brain!");
+            }
+            else if (!did_msg)
+                mpr("You have a terrible headache.");
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            mpr("You feel lost.");
+            forget_map(40 + random2(40));
+            break;
+        }
+
+        potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 1);  // common to all cases here {dlb}
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // nasty
+        switch (random2(3))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            mpr(forget_spell() ? "You have forgotten a spell!"
+                               : "You get a splitting headache.");
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            mpr("You feel completely lost.");
+            forget_map(100);
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            if (you.is_undead)
+                mpr("You suddenly recall your previous life.");
+            else if (_lose_stat(STAT_INTELLIGENCE, 3 + random2(3)))
+            {
+                mpr("You have damaged your brain!");
+            }
+            else if (!did_msg)
+                mpr("You have a terrible headache.");
+            break;
+        }
+
+        potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 1);  // common to all cases here {dlb}
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+// XXX: Monster divination miscasts.
+void MiscastEffect::_divination_mon(int severity)
+{
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+        mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ looks momentarily confused.";
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // more annoying things
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ looks slightly disoriented.";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            target->confuse(
+                act_source,
+                1 + random2(3 + act_source->get_experience_level()));
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // even more annoying things
+        mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ shudders.";
+        target->confuse(
+            act_source,
+            5 + random2(3 + act_source->get_experience_level()));
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // nasty
+        mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ reels.";
+        if (one_chance_in(7))
+            target_as_monster()->forget_random_spell();
+        target->confuse(
+            act_source,
+            8 + random2(3 + act_source->get_experience_level()));
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_necromancy(int severity)
+{
+    if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER && you.religion == GOD_KIKUBAAQUDGHA
+        && !player_under_penance() && you.piety >= piety_breakpoint(1)
+        && x_chance_in_y(you.piety, 150))
+    {
+        canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:
+        switch (random2(10))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            if (player_can_smell())
+                all_msg = "You smell decay.";
+            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
+                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                all_msg = "You hear strange and distant voices.";
+                msg_ch  =  MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                you_msg = "You feel homesick.";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg = "Pain shoots through your body.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "Your bones ache.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg      = "The world around you seems to dim momentarily.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ seems to dim momentarily.";
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
+                           " for a moment.";
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg      = "You shiver with cold.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ shivers with cold.";
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg = "You sense a malignant aura.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            you_msg      = "You feel very uncomfortable.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ grimaces horribly.";
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // a bit nasty
+        switch (random2(3))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            if (target->res_torment())
+            {
+                you_msg      = "You feel weird for a moment.";
+                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ has an odd expression for a "
+                               "moment.";
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                you_msg      = "Pain shoots through your body!";
+                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ convulses with pain!";
+                _ouch(5 + random2avg(15, 2));
+            }
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "You feel horribly lethargic.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ looks incredibly listless.";
+            _potion_effect(POT_SLOWING, 15);
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            if (target->res_rotting() == 0)
+            {
+                if (player_can_smell())
+                {
+                    // identical to a harmless message
+                    all_msg = "You smell decay.";
+                }
+
+                if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                    you.rotting++;
+                else
+                    target_as_monster()->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_ROT, 1,
+                                                              kc));
+            }
+            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
+            {
+                // Monster messages needed.
+                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        if (!did_msg)
+            do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // much nastier
+        switch (random2(3))
+        {
+        case 0:
+        {
+            bool success = false;
+
+            for (int i = random2(3); i >= 0; --i)
+            {
+                if (_create_monster(MONS_SHADOW, 2, true))
+                    success = true;
+            }
+
+            if (success)
+            {
+                you_msg        = "Flickering shadows surround you.";
+                mon_msg_seen   = "Flickering shadows surround @the_monster@.";
+                mon_msg_unseen = "Shadows flicker in the thin air.";
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "You are engulfed in negative energy!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is engulfed in negative energy!";
+            do_msg();
+
+            if (lethality_margin == 0 || you.experience > 0
+                || !avoid_lethal(you.hp))
+            {
+                if (one_chance_in(3))
+                {
+                    target->drain_exp(act_source);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // If draining failed, just flow through...
+
+        case 2:
+            if (target->res_torment())
+            {
+                you_msg      = "You feel weird for a moment.";
+                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ has an odd expression for a "
+                               "moment.";
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                you_msg      = "You convulse helplessly as pain tears through "
+                               "your body!";
+                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ convulses helplessly with pain!";
+                _ouch(15 + random2avg(23, 2));
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // even nastier
+        // Don't use last case for monsters.
+        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 6 : 5))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            if (target->holiness() == MH_UNDEAD)
+            {
+                you_msg      = "Something just walked over your grave. No, "
+                               "really!";
+                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ seems frightened for a moment.";
+                do_msg();
+            }
+            else
+                torment_monsters(target->pos(), 0, TORMENT_GENERIC);
+            break;
+
+        case 1:
+            target->rot(act_source, random2avg(7, 2) + 1);
+            break;
+
+        case 2:
+            if (_create_monster(MONS_SOUL_EATER, 4, true))
+            {
+                you_msg        = "Something reaches out for you...";
+                mon_msg_seen   = "Something reaches out for @the_monster@...";
+                mon_msg_unseen = "Something reaches out from thin air...";
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+
+        case 3:
+            if (_create_monster(MONS_REAPER, 4, true))
+            {
+                you_msg        = "Death has come for you...";
+                mon_msg_seen   = "Death has come for @the_monster@...";
+                mon_msg_unseen = "Death appears from thin air...";
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+
+        case 4:
+            you_msg      = "You are engulfed in negative energy!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is engulfed in negative energy!";
+            do_msg();
+
+            if (lethality_margin == 0 || you.experience > 0
+                || !avoid_lethal(you.hp))
+            {
+                target->drain_exp(act_source);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // If draining failed, just flow through if it's the player...
+            if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
+                break;
+
+        case 5:
+            _lose_stat(STAT_RANDOM, 1 + random2avg(7, 2));
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_transmutation(int severity)
+{
+    int num;
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+        num = 10 + (_has_hair(target) ? 1 : 0);
+        switch (random2(num))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            _your_hands_glow(target, you_msg, mon_msg_seen, can_plural_hand);
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "The air around you crackles with energy!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "The air around @the_monster@ crackles with "
+                             "energy!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "The thin air crackles with energy!";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg        = "Multicoloured lights dance before your eyes!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Multicoloured lights dance around @the_monster@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Multicoloured lights dance in the air!";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg        = "Waves of light ripple over your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Waves of light ripple over @the_monster@'s body.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Waves of light ripple in the air.";
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg      = "Strange energies run through your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ glows " + weird_glowing_colour() +
+                           " for a moment.";
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg      = "Your skin tingles.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ twitches.";
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg      = "Your skin glows momentarily.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s body glows momentarily.";
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            if (player_can_smell())
+                all_msg = "You smell something strange.";
+            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
+                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
+            break;
+        case 10:
+        {
+            // Player only (for now).
+            bool plural;
+            std::string hair = _hair_str(target, plural);
+            you_msg = make_stringf("Your %s momentarily turn%s into snakes!",
+                                   hair.c_str(), plural ? "" : "s");
+        }
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // slightly annoying
+        switch (random2(crawl_state.arena ? 1 : 2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "Your body is twisted painfully.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s body twists unnaturally.";
+            _ouch(1 + random2avg(11, 2));
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            random_uselessness();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // much more annoying
+        // Last case for players only.
+        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 4 : 3))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "Your body is twisted very painfully!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@'s body twists and writhes.";
+            _ouch(3 + random2avg(23, 2));
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            _potion_effect(POT_PARALYSIS, 10);
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            _potion_effect(POT_CONFUSION, 10);
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            mpr("You feel saturated with unharnessed energies!");
+            you.magic_contamination += random2avg(19, 3);
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // even nastier
+        if (target->atype() == ACT_MONSTER)
+            target->mutate(); // Polymorph the monster, if possible.
+
+        switch (random2(3))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg = "Your body is flooded with distortional energies!";
+            mon_msg = "@The_monster@'s body is flooded with distortional "
+                      "energies!";
+            if (_ouch(3 + random2avg(18, 2)) && target->alive())
+            {
+                if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                    you.magic_contamination += random2avg(35, 3);
+            }
+            break;
+
+        case 1:
+            // HACK: Avoid lethality before deleting mutation, since
+            // afterwards a message would already have been given.
+            if (lethality_margin > 0
+                && (you.hp - lethality_margin) <= 27
+                && avoid_lethal(you.hp))
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+            {
+                you_msg = "You feel very strange.";
+                delete_mutation(RANDOM_MUTATION, true, false,
+                                lethality_margin > 0);
+            }
+            _ouch(5 + random2avg(23, 2));
+            break;
+
+        case 2:
+            // HACK: Avoid lethality before giving mutation, since
+            // afterwards a message would already have been given.
+            if (lethality_margin > 0
+                && (you.hp - lethality_margin) <= 27
+                && avoid_lethal(you.hp))
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+            {
+                you_msg = "Your body is distorted in a weirdly horrible way!";
+                const bool failMsg = !give_bad_mutation(true, false,
+                                                        lethality_margin > 0);
+                if (coinflip())
+                    give_bad_mutation(failMsg, false, lethality_margin > 0);
+            }
+            _ouch(5 + random2avg(23, 2));
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_fire(int severity)
+{
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+        switch (random2(10))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "Sparks fly from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Sparks fly from @the_monster@'s @hands@!";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "The air around you burns with energy!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "The air around @the_monster@ burns with energy!";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg      = "Wisps of smoke drift from your @hands@.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Wisps of smoke drift from @the_monster@'s @hands@.";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            if (player_can_smell())
+                all_msg = "You smell smoke.";
+            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
+                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg = "Heat runs through your body.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg = "You feel uncomfortably hot.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg      = "Lukewarm flames ripple over your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Dim flames ripple over @the_monster@'s body.";
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                all_msg = "You hear a sizzling sound.";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                you_msg = "You feel like you have heartburn.";
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg        = "Smoke pours from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Smoke pours from @the_monster@'s @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Smoke appears out of nowhere!";
+
+            do_msg();
+            big_cloud(random_smoke_type(), kc, kt, target->pos(), 20,
+                      7 + random2(7));
+            break;
+
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "Flames sear your flesh.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Flames sear @the_monster@.";
+            if (target->res_fire() < 0)
+            {
+                if (!_ouch(2 + random2avg(13, 2)))
+                    return;
+            }
+            else
+                do_msg();
+            if (target->alive())
+                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_FIRE, 3);
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg        = "You are blasted with fire.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is blasted with fire.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A flame briefly burns in thin air.";
+            if (_ouch(5 + random2avg(29, 2), BEAM_FIRE) && target->alive())
+                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_FIRE, 5);
+            break;
+
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in a fiery explosion!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in a fiery explosion!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Fire explodes from out of thin air!";
+
+            beam.flavour = BEAM_FIRE;
+            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
+            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 14);
+            beam.name    = "explosion";
+            beam.colour  = RED;
+
+            _explosion();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // considerably less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(3))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg        = "You are blasted with searing flames!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is blasted with searing flames!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "A large flame burns hotly for a moment in the "
+                             "thin air.";
+            if (_ouch(9 + random2avg(33, 2), BEAM_FIRE) && target->alive())
+                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_FIRE, 10);
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            all_msg = "There is a sudden and violent explosion of flames!";
+
+            beam.flavour = BEAM_FIRE;
+            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
+            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 20);
+            beam.name    = "fireball";
+            beam.colour  = RED;
+            beam.ex_size = coinflip() ? 1 : 2;
+
+            _explosion();
+            break;
+
+        case 2:
+        {
+            you_msg      = "You are covered in liquid flames!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is covered in liquid flames!";
+            do_msg();
+
+            if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                you.duration[DUR_LIQUID_FLAMES] += random2avg(7, 3) + 1;
+            else
+            {
+                monsters* mon_target = target_as_monster();
+                mon_target->add_ench(mon_enchant(ENCH_STICKY_FLAME,
+                    std::min(4, 1 + random2(mon_target->hit_dice) / 2), kc));
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_ice(int severity)
+{
+    const dungeon_feature_type feat = grd(target->pos());
+
+    const bool frostable_feat =
+        (feat == DNGN_FLOOR || grid_altar_god(feat) != GOD_NO_GOD
+         || grid_is_staircase(feat) || grid_is_water(feat));
+
+    const std::string feat_name = (feat == DNGN_FLOOR ? "the " : "") +
+        feature_description(target->pos(), false, DESC_NOCAP_THE);
+
+    int num;
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+        num = 10 + (frostable_feat ? 1 : 0);
+        switch (random2(num))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "You shiver with cold.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ shivers with cold.";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg = "A chill runs through your body.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg        = "Wisps of condensation drift from your @hands@.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Wisps of condensation drift from @the_monster@'s "
+                             "@hands@.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Wisps of condensation drift in the air.";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg      = "Your @hands@ feel@hand_conj@ numb with cold.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg = "A chill runs through your body.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg = "You feel uncomfortably cold.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg      = "Frost covers your body.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Frost covers @the_monster@'s body.";
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                all_msg = "You hear a crackling sound.";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                you_msg = "A snowflake lands on your nose.";
+            break;
+        case 10:
+            if (grid_is_water(feat))
+                all_msg  = "A thin layer of ice forms on " + feat_name;
+            else
+                all_msg  = "Frost spreads across " + feat_name;
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            mpr("You feel extremely cold.");
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "You are covered in a thin layer of ice.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is covered in a thin layer of ice.";
+            if (target->res_cold() < 0)
+            {
+                if (!_ouch(4 + random2avg(5, 2)))
+                    return;
+            }
+            else
+                do_msg();
+            if (target->alive())
+                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_COLD, 2);
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg = "Heat is drained from your body.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            if (_ouch(5 + random2(6) + random2(7), BEAM_COLD) && target->alive())
+                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_COLD, 4);
+            break;
+
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in an explosion of ice and frost!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in an explosion of "
+                             "ice and frost!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Ice and frost explode from out of thin air!";
+
+            beam.flavour = BEAM_COLD;
+            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
+            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 11);
+            beam.name    = "explosion";
+            beam.colour  = WHITE;
+
+            _explosion();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "You are blasted with ice!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is blasted with ice!";
+            if (_ouch(9 + random2avg(23, 2), BEAM_ICE) && target->alive())
+                target->expose_to_element(BEAM_COLD, 9);
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "Freezing gasses pour from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Freezing gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
+                             "@hands@!";
+
+            do_msg();
+            big_cloud(CLOUD_COLD, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 8 + random2(4));
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+static bool _on_floor(actor* target)
+{
+    return (!target->airborne() && grd(target->pos()) == DNGN_FLOOR);
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_earth(int severity)
+{
+    int num;
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+    case 1:
+        num = 11 + (_on_floor(target) ? 2 : 0);
+        switch (random2(num))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg = "You feel earthy.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "You are showered with tiny particles of grit.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is showered with tiny particles "
+                             "of grit.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Tiny particles of grit hang in the air for a "
+                             "moment.";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg        = "Sand pours from your @hands@.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Sand pours from @the_monster@'s @hands@.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Sand pours from out of thin air.";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a surge of energy from the ground.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                all_msg = "You hear a distant rumble.";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER)
+                you_msg = "You sympathise with the stones.";
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg = "You feel gritty.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg      = "You feel momentarily lethargic.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ looks momentarily listless.";
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg        = "Motes of dust swirl before your eyes.";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Motes of dust swirl around @the_monster@.";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Motes of dust swirl around in the air.";
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+        {
+            bool               pluralized = true;
+            std::string        feet       = you.foot_name(true, &pluralized);
+            std::ostringstream str;
+
+            str << "Your " << feet << (pluralized ? " feel" : " feels")
+                << " warm.";
+
+            you_msg = str.str();
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        }
+        case 10:
+            if (target->cannot_move())
+            {
+                you_msg      = "You briefly vibrate.";
+                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ briefly vibrates.";
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                you_msg      = "You momentarily stiffen.";
+                mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ momentarily stiffens.";
+            }
+            break;
+        case 11:
+            all_msg = "The floor vibrates.";
+            break;
+        case 12:
+            all_msg = "The floor shifts beneath you alarmingly!";
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // slightly less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(1))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            switch (random2(3))
+            {
+            case 0:
+                you_msg        = "You are hit by flying rocks!";
+                mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is hit by flying rocks!";
+                mon_msg_unseen = "Flying rocks appear out of thin air!";
+                break;
+            case 1:
+                you_msg        = "You are blasted with sand!";
+                mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is blasted with sand!";
+                mon_msg_unseen = "A miniature sandstorm briefly appears!";
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                you_msg        = "Rocks fall onto you out of nowhere!";
+                mon_msg_seen   = "Rocks fall onto @the_monster@ out of "
+                                 "nowhere!";
+                mon_msg_unseen = "Rocks fall out of nowhere!";
+                break;
+            }
+            _ouch(random2avg(13, 2) + 10 - random2(1 + target->armour_class()));
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(1))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in an explosion of flying "
+                             "shrapnel!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in an explosion of "
+                             "flying shrapnel!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Flying shrapnel explodes from thin air!";
+
+            beam.flavour = BEAM_FRAG;
+            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
+            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 15);
+            beam.name    = "explosion";
+            beam.colour  = CYAN;
+
+            if (one_chance_in(5))
+                beam.colour = BROWN;
+            if (one_chance_in(5))
+                beam.colour = LIGHTCYAN;
+
+            _explosion();
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void MiscastEffect::_air(int severity)
+{
+    int num;
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+        num = 10 + (_has_hair(target) ? 1 : 0);
+        switch (random2(num))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg = "Ouch! You gave yourself an electric shock.";
+            mon_msg = "Ouch! You gave yourself an electric shock.";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg      = "You feel momentarily weightless.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ bobs in the air for a moment.";
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg      = "Wisps of vapour drift from your @hands@.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Wisps of vapour drift from @the_monster@'s "
+                           "@hands@.";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg = "You feel electric!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 5:
+        {
+            bool pluralized = true;
+            if (!hand_str.empty())
+                pluralized = can_plural_hand;
+            else
+                target->hand_name(true, &pluralized);
+
+            if (pluralized)
+            {
+                you_msg      = "Sparks of electricity dance between your "
+                               "@hands@.";
+                mon_msg_seen = "Sparks of electricity dance between "
+                               "@the_monster@'s @hands@.";
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                you_msg      = "Sparks of electricity dance over your "
+                               "@hand@.";
+                mon_msg_seen = "Sparks of electricity dance over "
+                               "@the_monster@'s @hand@.";
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        case 6:
+            you_msg      = "You are blasted with air!";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is blasted with air!";
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                all_msg = "You hear a whooshing sound.";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (player_can_smell())
+                all_msg = "You smell ozone.";
+            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
+                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                all_msg = "You hear a crackling sound.";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (player_can_smell())
+                all_msg = "You smell something musty.";
+            else if (you.species == SP_MUMMY)
+                you_msg = "Your bandages flutter.";
+            break;
+        case 10:
+        {
+            // Player only (for now).
+            bool plural;
+            std::string hair = _hair_str(target, plural);
+            you_msg = make_stringf("Your %s stand%s on end.", hair.c_str(),
+                                   plural ? "" : "s");
+            break;
+        }
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg      = "There is a short, sharp shower of sparks.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "@The_monster@ is briefly showered in sparks.";
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            if (silenced(you.pos()))
+            {
+               you_msg        = "The wind whips around you!";
+               mon_msg_seen   = "The wind whips around @the_monster@!";
+               mon_msg_unseen = "The wind whips!";
+            }
+            else
+            {
+               you_msg        = "The wind howls around you!";
+               mon_msg_seen   = "The wind howls around @the_monster@!";
+               mon_msg_unseen = "The wind howls!";
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg = "Electricity courses through your body.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            _ouch(4 + random2avg(9, 2), BEAM_ELECTRICITY);
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "Noxious gasses pour from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Noxious gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
+                             "@hands@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Noxious gasses appear from out of thin air!";
+
+            do_msg();
+            big_cloud(CLOUD_STINK, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 9 + random2(4));
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // musch less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg        = "You are caught in an explosion of electrical "
+                             "discharges!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "@The_monster@ is caught in an explosion of "
+                             "electrical discharges!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Electrical discharges explode from out of "
+                             "thin air!";
+
+            beam.flavour = BEAM_ELECTRICITY;
+            beam.type    = dchar_glyph(DCHAR_FIRED_BURST);
+            beam.damage  = dice_def(3, 8);
+            beam.name    = "explosion";
+            beam.colour  = LIGHTBLUE;
+            beam.ex_size = one_chance_in(4) ? 1 : 2;
+
+            _explosion();
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "Venomous gasses pour from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Venomous gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
+                             "@hands@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Venomous gasses pour forth from the thin air!";
+
+            do_msg();
+            big_cloud(CLOUD_POISON, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 8 + random2(5));
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// XXX MATT
+void MiscastEffect::_poison(int severity)
+{
+    switch (severity)
+    {
+    case 0:         // just a harmless message
+        switch (random2(10))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            you_msg = "You feel mildly nauseous.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg = "You feel slightly ill.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            you_msg      = "Wisps of poison gas drift from your @hands@.";
+            mon_msg_seen = "Wisps of poison gas drift from @the_monster@'s "
+                           "@hands@.";
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            you_msg = "You feel a strange surge of energy!";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 4:
+            you_msg = "You feel faint for a moment.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            you_msg = "You feel sick.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 6:
+            you_msg = "You feel odd.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 7:
+            you_msg = "You feel weak for a moment.";
+            // Monster messages needed.
+            break;
+        case 8:
+            // Set nothing; canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS) will be taken
+            // care of elsewhere.
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            if (neither_end_silenced())
+            {
+                all_msg = "You hear a slurping sound.";
+                msg_ch  = MSGCH_SOUND;
+            }
+            else if (you.species != SP_MUMMY)
+                you_msg = "You taste almonds.";
+            break;
+        }
+        do_msg();
+        break;
+
+    case 1:         // a bit less harmless stuff
+        switch (random2(2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            if (target->res_poison() <= 0)
+            {
+                you_msg = "You feel sick.";
+                // Monster messages needed.
+                target->poison(act_source, 2 + random2(3));
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "Noxious gasses pour from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Noxious gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
+                             "@hands@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Noxious gasses pour forth from the thin air!";
+            place_cloud(CLOUD_STINK, target->pos(), 2 + random2(4), kc, kt );
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 2:         // rather less harmless stuff
+        // Don't use last case for monsters.
+        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 3 : 2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            if (target->res_poison() <= 0)
+            {
+                you_msg = "You feel very sick.";
+                // Monster messages needed.
+                target->poison(act_source, 3 + random2avg(9, 2));
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "Noxious gasses pour from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Noxious gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
+                             "@hands@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Noxious gasses pour forth from the thin air!";
+
+            do_msg();
+            big_cloud(CLOUD_STINK, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 8 + random2(5));
+            break;
+
+        case 2:
+            if (player_res_poison())
+                canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
+            else
+                _lose_stat(STAT_RANDOM, 1);
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+
+    case 3:         // less harmless stuff
+        // Don't use last case for monsters.
+        switch (random2(target->atype() == ACT_PLAYER ? 3 : 2))
+        {
+        case 0:
+            if (target->res_poison() <= 0)
+            {
+                you_msg = "You feel incredibly sick.";
+                // Monster messages needed.
+                target->poison(act_source, 10 + random2avg(19, 2));
+            }
+            do_msg();
+            break;
+        case 1:
+            you_msg        = "Venomous gasses pour from your @hands@!";
+            mon_msg_seen   = "Venomous gasses pour from @the_monster@'s "
+                             "@hands@!";
+            mon_msg_unseen = "Venomous gasses pour forth from the thin air!";
+
+            do_msg();
+            big_cloud(CLOUD_POISON, kc, kt, target->pos(), 20, 7 + random2(7));
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            if (player_res_poison())
+                canned_msg(MSG_NOTHING_HAPPENS);
+            else
+                _lose_stat(STAT_RANDOM, 1 + random2avg(5, 2));
+            break;
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/crawl-ref/source/spl-mis.h b/crawl-ref/source/spl-mis.h
index 9c8a14b9b8..783562587f 100644
--- a/crawl-ref/source/spl-mis.h
+++ b/crawl-ref/source/spl-mis.h
@@ -79,9 +79,6 @@ private:
     kill_category kc;
     killer_type   kt;
 
-    monsters* mon_target;
-    monsters* mon_source;
-
     nothing_happens_when_type nothing_happens_when;
 
     int lethality_margin;
@@ -112,6 +109,16 @@ private:
     void init();
     std::string get_default_cause();
 
+    monsters* target_as_monster()
+    {
+        return dynamic_cast<monsters*>(target);
+    }
+
+    monsters* source_as_monster()
+    {
+        return dynamic_cast<monsters*>(act_source);
+    }
+
     bool neither_end_silenced();
 
     void do_msg(bool suppress_nothing_happens = false);